2012 年 CNBC 两小时专访
播音员“Squawk Box”正在关注巴菲特。这位“奥马哈先知”将与贝基·奎克一起,探讨那些对您的财富至关重要的问题——企业盈利、经济形势,以及大选。这是一场两小时的特别节目,沃伦·巴菲特参与的第二个小时现在开始。
联合主持人安德鲁·罗斯·索金:早上好,欢迎收看 CNBC 的“Squawk Box”。我是安德鲁·罗斯·索金,身边是乔·科南。我们马上就会连线贝基和沃伦·巴菲特,但先快速看一下市场情况。
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ANNOUNCER"Squawk Box" is on Buffett watch. The "Oracle of Omaha" joins Becky Quick to talk about the issues that matter most to your money —earnings, the economy, and the election. It's a special two-hour event with Warren Buffett as the second hour of "Squawk Box" begins right now. ANDREW ROSS SORKIN, co-host: Good morning and welcome to "Squawk Box" here on CNBC. I'm Andrew Ross Sorkin along with Joe Kernen. We're going to be getting to Becky and Warren Buffett in just a moment, but first let's get a quick check on the markets. * * *
安德鲁·罗斯·索金科南先生。
联合主持人乔·科南:谢谢,安德鲁。我们来连线贝基吧,她此刻在俄亥俄州哥伦布市,与伯克希尔·哈撒韦董事长兼首席执行官沃伦·巴菲特在一起。他在那儿吗,贝基?我看到他了。我听到他的声音了。
联合主持人贝基·奎克:他就在这里。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINMr. Kernen. JOE KERNEN, co-host: Thanks, Andrew. Let's get to Becky, who is in Columbus, Ohio, this morning with Berkshire Hathaway chairman and CEO Warren Buffett. Is he there, Becky? I saw him. I heard him. BECKY QUICK, co-host: He is here.
乔·科南好,戴着那条……
JOE KERNENGood, with the …
贝基·奎克他准备好了,随时可以开始。
BECKY QUICKHe is, he's ready to go.
乔·科南……戴着那条……崭新的 NetJets 领带,我瞧见了,是吧?
JOE KERNEN… with the … a spanking new NetJets tie on, I see, huh?
安德鲁·罗斯·索金是那条领带吧?
ANDREW ROSS SORKINIs that what that is?
乔·科南对。
JOE KERNENYeah.
贝基·奎克他确实戴着。你喜欢吗?
BECKY QUICKHe does. You like that?
乔·科南你说过他有一条不错的……
JOE KERNENYou said he had a nice...
贝基·奎克对。
乔:……NetJets 领带,我还问过你,他是不是也带了张漂亮的 NetJets 卡,我敢肯定他没带。我怎么跟你说的来着?我怎么跟你说的来着?
BECKY QUICKYeah. JOE:...NetJets tie, and I asked you did he also bring a nice NetJets card, and I'm sure he didn't. And what did I tell you? What did I tell you?
乔·科南我会自己问他。
JOE KERNENThat I can ask him myself.
贝基·奎克我说你得自己去问他。是的。
BECKY QUICKI said you'd have to ask him. Yes.
乔·科南是啊,那你带了吗,沃伦,还是我又要挨一砖头?
沃伦·巴菲特(伯克希尔·哈撒韦董事长兼首席执行官):乔,先求我一下吧。这事我们待会儿再说。
JOE KERNENYeah, and did you bring one, Warren, or am I getting another brick? WARREN BUFFETT (Berkshire Hathaway Chairman and CEO): Just beg a little, Joe. We'll get to it later.
贝基·奎克他是想先听你求他两个小时呢,乔。
BECKY QUICKHe wants to hear you beg for two hours first, Joe.
乔·科南我知道,然后他就什么表示都没有。我会——你知道,我会试试的。
JOE KERNENI know, and then he doesn't do anything. And I'll —you know, I'm going to try.
沃伦·巴菲特哦,不会的,我给你——我会给你准备点什么的。
WARREN BUFFETTOh no, I got —I'll come up with something for you.
乔·科南我来试试。
JOE KERNENI'm going to try.
贝基·奎克好的,乔,你知道,我们非常幸运,今天早上能和沃伦在一起。沃伦,这是你做完前列腺癌治疗以来,我们第一次有机会坐下来跟你聊聊。
BECKY QUICKAll right, well, you know, Joe, we are very fortunate to have Warren with us here this morning. And, Warren, this is the first time we've gotten a chance to sit down and talk with you since the prostate cancer treatment.
沃伦·巴菲特对。
WARREN BUFFETTRight.
贝基·奎克你感觉怎么样?
BECKY QUICKHow are you feeling?
沃伦·巴菲特我感觉挺好的。感觉棒极了。我——你知道,他们还给我用了一些激素,所以我偶尔会潮热,我们男人管这叫“能量爆发”。而且——不,其实——时间长了确实会累。放疗就是这样。你倒没什么感觉,但是……
WARREN BUFFETTI feel fine. I feel great. I —you know, they gave me some hormones, too, so occasionally I get some hot flashes, which I —we males call those power surges actually. And —no, it was —it got tiring after a while. The radiation does. You don't feel anything, but...
贝基·奎克当然。巴菲特:……当我开始有坐着撒尿的冲动时,我就觉得是时候退出了。不过你感觉不错。
BECKY QUICKOf course. BUFFETT:...I felt it was time to quit when I started getting the urge to pee sitting down. But you're feeling good.
沃伦·巴菲特我感觉好极了。
WARREN BUFFETTI feel great.
贝基·奎克嗯,您气色很好,我们非常高兴今天您能来。感谢您参加我们的节目。您知道,现在是我们跟您聊聊的极佳时机,因为最近关于经济形势的问题实在太多了。我们听到 3M、卡特彼勒、杜邦,所有这些公司,还有 UPS,都出来说全球经济非常不确定,正在略微放缓。它们对未来的前景也拿不准。这也在市场上引发了很多疑问。过去一周左右,市场一直在下跌。大家是真的担心。人们坐直身子说,哦哦,可能真有什么事儿要发生了。您觉得是市场过度抛售了,还是说市场正在跟上现实?您怎么看?
BECKY QUICKWell, you look great, and we are very happy to have you with us today. Thank you for joining us. You know, this is one of the best times that we've gotten to talk to you because there have been so many questions lately about what's happening in the economy. We've heard from major companies like 3M, Caterpillar, DuPont, all of these companies, UPS, who have all come out and said that the global economy is very uncertain, it's slowing down a little bit. They're not sure about what they see in the future. And it's raised a lot of questions in the market, too. The market's been selling off over the last week or so. Real concerns. People sitting up and saying, `Oh oh, maybe there's something really happening here.' Do you think the market's overselling the situation, or do you think it's catching up with reality? What do you see?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我认为——我认为股票市场总体上还是放钱最好的地方,可是——但我认为,毫无疑问,全球范围内确实出现了一些放缓。而在美国,住宅地产实际上正在回暖,这我们等了很久了,它将产生重大影响。虽然回暖势头还没大到什么程度,但我们的地毯业务、砖块业务等等都会随着住宅建设而起来,而且那个势头已经反转了。但就整体经济而言,我觉得美国略好一些,肯定比欧洲强。从亚洲的下滑速度来看,其下跌相当陡峭,而我们还在缓慢向前。但也只是缓慢向前。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, I think —I think the stock market generally is the best place to have money, and —but I think that there's no question that worldwide there is some slowing down going on. And in the United States, actually, residential housing is picking up, and we've been waiting for that a long time, and that will have a significant impact. It hasn't gotten to any big level yet, but our carpet businesses and brick businesses and all of that will come on with residential construction, and that has turned. But the general economy, I think it's a little bit better in the U.S., certainly better in the U.S. than it is in Europe. And in terms of the rate of decline in Asia, it's reasonably steep and we're still inching ahead. But it's inching.
贝基·奎克你最早是什么时候开始注意到这种全球性的下滑,这种全球性的放缓的?
BECKY QUICKWhen did you first start to notice this global decline, this global slowdown?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我们有几家公司,它们能相当实时地反映经济走势。排第一的是伊斯卡,因为他们出售那些很小的冲压工具或切削工具,这些工具要装在价值数百万美元的巨型机床里。所以,任何生产大件东西的人,都会从我们这里买这些小东西,可以称之为刀片式产品。他们不需要备大量库存——我们可以很快交货。因此他们的采购量反映的是实际使用量。我们最大的市场在美国,但欧洲和亚洲的销售已有所下滑。不过我们正在赢得市场份额。所以,在所有那些冲压金属之类的制造业领域,业务活动明显下降了。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, we've got a couple of companies that really are kind of real time as to what's going on. The number one would be Iscar because they sell these little tiny punching tools or cutting tools, and they fit in these huge machine tools that cost millions of dollars. So anybody that's turning out anything big are buying these little, call them razor blade type items, from us. And they don't need a big inventory. They can —we can deliver very quickly. So their purchases reflect usage, and there our strongest market is in the United States, but Europe and Asia have fallen off some. And we're gaining market shares. So there's a decided decline in activity in all that manufacturing where you're stamping metal and doing that sort of thing.
贝基·奎克哦,我们前几天听到了卡特彼勒首席执行官道格·奥伯赫尔曼的发言,他说他环顾全球,预计 2013 年不会在任何地方看到经济衰退,但欧洲是最大的麻烦点。你同意这个判断吗?
BECKY QUICKOh, we heard from (CEO) Doug Oberhelman from Caterpillar the other day, and he says that he looks around the globe and he doesn't expect to see a recession anywhere in 2013, but Europe is the biggest problem spot. Would you agree with that assessment?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,目前是这样。它的下滑速度——我的意思是,它是从一个很低的基数上进一步下降——在我看来,它的下滑速度并不比亚洲的正常下降更快。只不过亚洲之前的表现要好得多。美国实际上拥有最平稳的轨迹,我看不到这方面有什么变化。我是说,你知道,我们有货运列车在跑,还有——我们在美国出现了能源领域的大幅回升,住房市场也在回暖。这些都是规模相当大的——相当大的产业。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, it is at present. Its rate of decline —I mean, it's way off a lower base —its rate of decline is not greater, in my view, than the regular decline in Asia. It's just that Asia was doing much better. The United States actually has got the steadiest trajectory, and I don't see any change in that. I mean, you know, we got the freight car rollings, and that —we got a big energy pick up in the United States, we're getting a housing pickup. Those are pretty big —pretty big industries.
贝基·奎克那我们来聊聊其中的一些数字吧,因为住房是关键所在。你之前告诉过我们,除非住房市场出现转折,否则失业状况不会好转。
BECKY QUICKWell, let's talk about some of those numbers because housing is a huge key. You had told us before that we are not going to see a turn in the unemployment picture until we see a turn in the housing.
沃伦·巴菲特对。
WARREN BUFFETTRight.
贝基·奎克而道格·奥伯赫尔曼前几天跟我们说的正好相反。他说,除非你看到住房市场好转,否则失业状况不会好转,他这么一说,差不多是把事情倒过来了,说其实正好相反。究竟哪个先来?
BECKY QUICKAnd Doug Oberhelman had told us the reverse of that the other day. He said you're not going to see a turn in the unemployment picture until you see the turn in housing, and he kind of set the thing on its head and said it's the other way around. Which comes first?
沃伦·巴菲特是的。嗯,我觉得需求是第一位的。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah. Well, demand I think comes first.
贝基·奎克是的。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
沃伦·巴菲特我是说,你开始看到需求时就会招人,而你现在看到的需求正在增加。你看到——你看到地块的购买量在增加。昨晚在 GE 晚宴上,我和一个做地块销售生意的人聊过,建筑商们开始更急切地要那些地块。我们有全国最大的住宅制造公司克莱顿住宅公司,它生产的是预制房屋。
WARREN BUFFETTI mean, you hire people when you start seeing demand, and you are seeing more demand. You're seeing —you're seeing greater purchases of lots. I was with a guy last night at the GE dinner that is in the business of selling lots, and the —and the builders are starting to clamor more for those. We have the largest housing manufacturing company in the country at Clayton Homes, it's manufactured homes.
贝基·奎克好。
BECKY QUICKRight.
沃伦·巴菲特但那些——那个业务有 10% 到 15% 的增长。我们能在我们……中看到这点。
WARREN BUFFETTBut those —that business is up in the area of 10 to 15 percent. We see it in our...
贝基·奎克你是说交易量?还是说……
BECKY QUICKIn terms of volume? In terms of...
沃伦·巴菲特从套数来看,是的。
WARREN BUFFETTIn terms of units, yeah.
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKRight.
沃伦·巴菲特从套数来看。在房地产经纪业务上,我们不仅看到交易量增长了约 15%,还看到房价中位数略有上升。而且——而且这来自全国各地。我的意思是,我们在加州、内布拉斯加州、明尼苏达州、佛罗里达州,基本上你想得到的州都有业务。所以情况已经变了。你知道,我们今年在地毯业务上赚的钱会比去年多得多。可能翻倍还不止,销量一上来我们就招人。
WARREN BUFFETTIn terms of units. Real estate brokerage, we not only see about a 15 percent increase in transactions, but we also see a small increase in the median price. And this —and this comes from all over the country. I mean, we're in California, we're in Nebraska, Minnesota, Florida, you know, you name it. So that's changed. Our —you know, we're going to make a lot more money in carpet this year than we made last year. You know, more than double probably, and we hire people when that happens.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm.
沃伦·巴菲特所以美国经济并没有崩溃。亚洲经济,从更高的基准来看,我不一定称之为崩溃,但它正在下行;而欧洲已经陷入困境一段时间了,而且还没结束。
WARREN BUFFETTSo the United States economy is not tanking. Asia from a higher level, I wouldn't necessarily call it tanking, but it's heading down, and Europe has been having its troubles for some time and they haven't ended.
贝基·奎克那会不会——那会不会最终找上我们?会不会在某个时候也影响到我们?
BECKY QUICKDoes that —does that catch up with us? Does that affect us at some point, too?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我们真正希望的是随着时间的推移影响他们。不,我不——我不一定这么认为,除非某个地方出现混乱。我们已经适应了世界各地正在发生的事情。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, what we really hope is we affect them over time. And no, I don't —I don't necessarily think so unless there gets to be chaos someplace. We've already adapted to what's going on around the world.
贝基·奎克跟我说说你在铁路货车方面看到了什么。你之前说你一直在关注这些货车的装载量,伯灵顿北方铁路显然运输着大量大宗商品。天然气对它们来说也很重要,对吗?
BECKY QUICKTell me what you see in terms of the rail cars. You were saying you were watching loadings on those, Burlington Northern obviously moving a lot of materials. And natural gas is big for them, too, correct?
沃伦·巴菲特对。在伯灵顿北方铁路,煤炭运量在下降,其他铁路公司也一样。石油运量在上升,水力压裂需要大量沙子,所以沙子运量就在上升,举个例子。联合太平洋铁路刚公布业绩,他们在其他品类上——比如木材——看到了小幅增长。你知道,汽车运量也有增长。我们这边看到多式联运在增长。他们——我们是多式联运最大的承运商。按吨英里计算,我们承运了全美 15% 的货运量。我是说,伯灵顿北方铁路在吨英里上几乎达到了全美所有卡车运量的一半。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah. Well, at Burlington coal is down, as it is with the other railroads. Oil is up, and when you're fracking you bring in lots of sand. So sand would be up, for example. And the UP just reported, and they're seeing small gains in things other than —they're seeing it in lumber. You know, they're seeing it in cars. We're seeing it intermodal. They do —we're the biggest in intermodal. We carry 15 percent of all the freight measured by tonnage in miles in the United States. I mean, it's —just the Burlington Northern carries almost half as much as all the trucks in the United States in terms of ton miles.
贝基·奎克你没有看到任何下滑?实际上你看到的是这些数字在上升?
BECKY QUICKAnd you're not seeing any downturn? You're seeing actually numbers go up on those?
沃伦·巴菲特我们看到数字在上扬。不过,一两个月前这个信号有点误导性,因为去年我们遭遇了洪水,所以七八月份的数据很容易就超过了。眼下我们看到的是小幅增长,但确实只是小幅。
WARREN BUFFETTWe're seeing numbers go up. Now, that was a little deceptive a month or two ago because we had these floods last year and so the figures were very easy there for July and August. But we are seeing small gains, but they're small.
贝基·奎克那您从中美能源看到的情况怎么样,您之前提到过一些能源需求。很长一段时间里,这个需求一直很疲软,因为公司没有像以前一样用那么多电。那现在这个——这个局面怎么样?
BECKY QUICKAnd in terms of what you see at Mid-American, you talked about some energy demand. That had been weak for quite a while because companies weren't using as much energy. How's the —how's the picture on that?
沃伦·巴菲特是啊,你看,今年我们的用电量是下降了。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, well, you know, kilowatt hours we're down this year.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
沃伦·巴菲特但我们——这么看吧。伯克希尔·哈撒韦在 2010 年花了 60 亿美元在厂房和设备上。那是创纪录的。
WARREN BUFFETTBut we —well, look at it this way. Berkshire Hathaway in 2010 spent six billion on plant and equipment. That was a record.
贝基·奎克嗯哼。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm.
沃伦·巴菲特去年我们花了 80 亿美元在厂房和设备上。又一个纪录。今年我们会花 90 亿美元,又一个纪录。而且几乎所有钱都投在美国。我是说,我们能看到很多可做的事情。其中一大部分是在铁路和能源业务上。
WARREN BUFFETTWe spent last year eight billion on plant and equipment. Another record. This year we'll spend nine billion on plant and equipment, another record. And practically all of that's in the United States. I mean, we see lots of things to do. Now, a good bit of that is in the rail business and the energy business.
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKRight.
沃伦·巴菲特但还有很多事要做。顺便说一句,你经常听到关于基础设施的议论,说它糟糕透顶。
WARREN BUFFETTBut there —there's a lot to do. And incidentally you hear a lot about infrastructure and, you know, the terrible shape it's in.
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKRight.
沃伦·巴菲特铁路行业的基础设施现在处于有史以来最好的状态。
WARREN BUFFETTThe rail industry's infrastructure's in the best shape it's ever been in.
贝基·奎克好的。乔也有个问题要问你。乔:
BECKY QUICKOK. Joe has a question for you as well. Joe:
乔·科南对,沃伦,沿着这个思路。假设你要新成立一个伯克希尔·哈撒韦,只做能源。只能持有能源股,你要去应对未来 20 年这个国家会发生的事——或者说从中获利——你会怎么做?是天然气?煤炭?太阳能?你觉得你会怎么干?全都来?还是说,你很聪明,能看出水力压裂和天然气这条路怎么走?
JOE KERNENYeah, along the same lines, Warren. If —let's say that you were going to start a new Berkshire Hathaway, and it was just going to be based on energy. Now, only energy stock could be in it and you were trying to play whatever happens in —or trying to take advantage of what happens in this country over the next 20 years, what would —how would you do that? Would it be natural gas? Would it be coal? Would it be solar? Would it be —how do you think you would do that? All of the above or I mean are you smart enough to see how this plays itself out with fracking and natural gas?
沃伦·巴菲特不,但我——你知道,我对这个很感兴趣,会去关注,但我不觉得我现在就能写出两年后的报纸。不过我们在太阳能和风能上投了很多钱。那只是我们 Mid-American 业务的一部分。如果你说进入能源生产本身,那我干不了那个。我得找个我认为很棒的人合伙。我对那玩意儿一窍不通。我是说,我会读相关的东西,读完后感觉挺好,我们也运输大量石油,但我不——你把我搁在油井旁边,我就只会想起某部克拉克·盖博的电影,想着该干什么,我觉得那有点过时了。
WARREN BUFFETTNo, but I —but I, you know, I'm interested enough to follow it, but I don't —I don't think I'll be able to write the newspaper two years from now at the current time. But we are putting a lot of money into solar and wind. That's just part of what we do at Mid-American. You know, if you get into producing energy itself I'm not —you know, I would be no good at that game. I'd have to join with somebody else that I thought was terrific. But I don't know a blame thing about it. I mean, I read about it and I —and I feel very good about what I read, and we transport a lot of oil, but I don't —you know, you stick me in —next to an oil well, and I go back to thinking of some Clark Gable movie or something as to what I'm supposed to do, and I think that's a little out of date.
乔·科南贝基,你有没有跟沃伦聊过出口天然气这事?
JOE KERNENBecky, have you shared your thoughts about, you know, exporting natural gas?
贝基·奎克哦,我知道你要说什么。哦,他……
BECKY QUICKOh, I know where you're going. Oh, he...
乔·科南呃,我就是——我就是想问问你有没有跟沃伦聊过这事。我是说,你也在听嘛……
JOE KERNENWell, I just —I just wondered whether you've talked to Warren about that. I mean, you listen in...
贝基·奎克还没有。沃伦,让我——让我在乔把这事说得更难听之前先跟你说一下。我对出口天然气这个想法一直有些担忧,因为,你看,这其实来自查理·芒格那派的思路。如果你想实现能源独立,他觉得这想法很蠢。他觉得我们应该先用光别人的东西。但我担心的是,如果我们真的想实现能源独立,为什么要把这些天然气运给别人?为什么我们不自己建、自己留用?来吧,告诉我为什么这个想法是错的。
BECKY QUICKI haven't. Warren, let me —let me tell you before Joe makes it even sound worse than it is. I have had some concerns about this idea of exporting natural gas because, look, this is from the Charlie Munger school of thought. If you want to be energy independent, he thinks it's a stupid idea. He thinks we should use all of their stuff. But I worry, if we really do want to get energy independent why would we ship this natural gas to other people? Why don't we build it and keep it here? Go ahead, tell me why that's wrong.
沃伦·巴菲特我同意——不,我同意你的看法。当然。
WARREN BUFFETTI'm with —no, I'm with you. Sure.
乔·科南哦。
JOE KERNENOh.
贝基·奎克你真的同意?
BECKY QUICKYou are?
乔·科南啊!看到了吧?
JOE KERNENAh! See?
沃伦·巴菲特你得——不,不。如果你——如果你有一项国家宝藏,就像 50 年前的石油那样。我们如今成了石油出口国。我的意思是,我们当时的产量远超欧佩克。得克萨斯铁路委员会过去每个月都会宣布你在得克萨斯能生产多少天。它简直就是那个时代的欧佩克。我们就这么把那些产量巨大的油田,比如东得克萨斯油田,你知道,我们把那里的东西往国外运。一桶才卖 3 美元。然后,你知道,后来我们又建了战略石油储备。嗯,就是战略石油储备。不,我相信如果你在应对一种稀缺商品,一种你明确知道会用完的东西……
WARREN BUFFETTYou got to —no, no. If you —if you've got a national treasure, and we had that in oil if you go back 50 years. We're an exporter of oil. I mean, we were producing way more than OPEC. And the Texas Railroad Commission used to —used to announce every month how many days you could produce in Texas. It was an OPEC of its time. And so we took these huge prolific fields, the East Texas field and, you know, we sent that stuff abroad. We were getting three bucks a barrel for it. And, you know, and then we built a strategic oil reserve later on. Well, that's the strategic petroleum reserve. No, I believe if you're dealing with a scarce commodity, something that you know is finite...
贝基·奎克哈!巴菲特:……时间一长,你得先用别人的。哈!乔,接招。我又回到吃豆子的车上来了。
BECKY QUICKHa! BUFFETT:...over time use the other guys'. Ha! Joe, there, take that. I'm back on the bean wagon.
乔·科南哦,我从来——我从来没想过沃伦是个贸易保护主义者。这可真让人吃惊。
JOE KERNENWell, I never —I never thought Warren was a protectionist. That's amazing.
沃伦·巴菲特不,只要是能让这个国家 50 年或 100 年后还能持续运转的东西,我就会去保护它。
WARREN BUFFETTNo, I'll protect something that we're going to need to keep this country going 50 or 100 years from now.
乔·科南对。
JOE KERNENRight.
沃伦·巴菲特我不想把我们的天赋资源往船下扔。
WARREN BUFFETTI don't want to ship our talent overboard.
乔·科南我们可能有足够——我们可能实际上有足够的资源够全世界用。要是我们自己能自给自足,那最终天然气的确会是一门很好的出口生意。
JOE KERNENWe may have enough —we may actually have enough, though, for the entire world. And that would be a great export business eventually to be in if we were self-sufficient ourselves.
沃伦·巴菲特短期看会是这样,但如果你放眼 100 年或 200 年后——谢天谢地,200 年前的人们在很多方面确实在未雨绸缪,尽管我们当时没有——我们在 20 世纪 50 年代得克萨斯拼命产油的那会儿,可根本没往长远想。
WARREN BUFFETTIt would be for a while, but if you're looking out 100 or 200 years —and thank God people 200 years ago were looking out in many respects, although we weren't looking at it —we weren't looking out in the 1950s when we were —when Texas was producing.
乔·科南但我很欣赏你居然在担心 100 年后的事,而且这还不光是为了你的子孙后代。是因为你 100 年后还想在。
JOE KERNENBut I love that you're worried about like 100 years from now, and it's not just for your ancestors. It's for you 100 years from now.
沃伦·巴菲特一点没错。
WARREN BUFFETTExactly.
乔·科南我喜欢这一点。我喜欢。
JOE KERNENWhich I like. Which —I like that.
沃伦·巴菲特没错。听着,你喜欢这一点,我很高兴,乔。
WARREN BUFFETTExactly. You've got —listen, I like it that you like it, Joe.
乔·科南对,因为我确实喜欢。安德鲁,该你了。
JOE KERNENYeah, because I do. Andrew, go ahead.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金好的,沃伦,很快问一句。我很好奇,过去三天市场蒸发了 5000 亿美元,以我对你的了解,你可能正看着它想,“我该买什么?”所以我想知道,过去三天你做了什么吗?
ANDREW ROSS SORKINOK, real quick, Warren. You —I'm curious, with the market selling off $500 billion in the past three days, knowing you, I think you're probably watching this thinking, `What am I buying?' So I want to know, is there anything —have you done anything in the past three days?
沃伦·巴菲特可能过去一周我们做了一些事。是的,但我们——基本上我喜欢买入,所以如果市场下跌,我更高兴买入,我喜欢买。如果我去超市,他们降价了,我会感觉更好。如果我去男装店,他们降价了,我也感觉更好。所以如果我去证券交易所,他们降价了,我仍然感觉更好。
WARREN BUFFETTMaybe in the past week we've done some things. Yeah, we —but basically I like to buy and, you know, so if the market is down, you know, I'm happier buying, I like to buy. If I got to a supermarket and they reduce prices, you know, I feel better. If I got to a men's clothing shop and they've reduced prices, I feel better. So if I go to the stock exchange and they reduce prices, I still feel better.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金你想跟我们说……
ANDREW ROSS SORKINYou want to give us a...
贝基·奎克你最近——上周你买了什么?
BECKY QUICKWhat have you been —what'd you buy in the last week?
沃伦·巴菲特上周,我买了一些富国银行。
WARREN BUFFETTIn the last week, I bought some Wells Fargo.
贝基·奎克真的?
BECKY QUICKYou did?
沃伦·巴菲特对。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah.
贝基·奎克所以继续买。
BECKY QUICKSo continue to buy.
沃伦·巴菲特但我们只有 4.3 亿多股,所以我觉得还不够。
WARREN BUFFETTBut we only have 430-something million shares, so I didn't feel we had enough.
贝基·奎克那你——你整体看银行业,它还能像以前那么赚钱吗?
BECKY QUICKDo you —you look at the banking business, though, overall, is it going to be as profitable?
沃伦·巴菲特不,不可能像以前那么赚钱。银行的盈利能力取决于两个因素:资产收益率和资产对权益的杠杆倍数。
WARREN BUFFETTNo, it can't be as profitable. The profitability of banking is a function of two items. Return on assets and assets to equity.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKHm.
沃伦·巴菲特资产收益率不会显著上升。USB 在这方面做得最好,大约是 1.7%。富国银行在 1.4% 到 1.5% 之间。但大多数银行更低。现在,如果你有 20 倍杠杆,资产收益率是 1.5%,那么你就能获得 30% 的净资产收益率。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd return on assets is not going to go up particularly. USB has done the very best on that. They're at about 1.7 percent. Wells is between 1.4 and 1.5 percent. But most banks are lower. Now, if you have 20 times leverage and you're getting 1.5 percent on assets, you're making 30 percent on equity.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm.
沃伦·巴菲特这一点在几年前人们并未忽视。他们把资产负债表推到极致,在欧洲他们还在继续推。但在美国这边已经收紧了。银行体系的杠杆将会降低。作为新规的一部分,大银行受到的杠杆限制会更多,资产收益率又不会比以前更高;这样一来,同样的资产收益率配以更低的杠杆,净资产收益率就会下降。银行 —— 不很久以前,银行的有形净资产收益率能达到 25%。说实话,那是个相当离谱的数字。你该明白,对一种基础性的半商品化业务,实在不应该允许这种回报。但之所以被允许,是因为人们认为自己的银行存款有政府担保——事实也确实如此;因此,没有市场力量会去审视一家银行的状况然后说,“好吧,我不会把钱存在那儿,因为他们杠杆这么高,看起来很危险。”于是,人们得以不断推高杠杆,越推越高,然后政府发话了:“听着,我们在这里有切身利害。你实际上是在使用我们的信用,要想继续玩下去,你的杠杆只能做到 10 比 1,或者类似这样的比例。” 所以银行的回报率已经降下来了。不过它仍然是一门好生意。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd that was not lost on people a few years back. And they pushed balance sheets, and they're still pushing them in Europe. But they've cut back on that here. So they will not be having the leverage in the banking system. It'll be even more restricted among the bigger banks as part of the new rules, and you won't be able to earn more on assets than before, and so with less leverage in the same return on assets, you will have a lower return on equity. Banks were —banks were earning 25 percent on tangible equity not so many years ago. And really, that's kind of a crazy number. You know, for a basic semi-commodity business, you really don't want to allow that. But that was allowed because people felt that their bank deposits, and they were, were guaranteed by the government; and, therefore, there was no market force that would look at the —at the shape of a —condition of a bank and say, `Well, I won't put my money there because they look kind of dangerous with all this leverage.' And therefore, people got to push and push it and push it, and then the government says, `Listen, we got a vested interest in this. You're using our credit, in effect, and if you want to play, you're only going to have 10-to-1, or some number like that. So the returns on banks have come down. It's still a good business.
贝基·奎克但你还是觉得是门好生意,而且你还在买进,是因为你喜欢这个价格。
BECKY QUICKBut you still think it's a good business and you still buy it because you like the price.
沃伦·巴菲特是门好生意。富国银行 —— 富国银行经营得非常好。是门好生意。
WARREN BUFFETTIt's a good business. Wells is —Wells is very well run. And it's a good business.
贝基·奎克好的。
BECKY QUICKOK.
沃伦·巴菲特但它不会 —— 不会回到从前那个样子了。
WARREN BUFFETTBut it's not like —it won't get to what it was.
贝基·奎克好的。
BECKY QUICKOK.
沃伦·巴菲特欧洲那些银行的杠杆仍然高得离谱,仅仅是因为他们不知道该怎样从中脱身。
WARREN BUFFETTThe European banks still are leveraged to an extraordinary extent just because they don't know how to get out of it.
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKRight.
沃伦·巴菲特但他们也没能从存款上赚到 1.5% 的收益。
WARREN BUFFETTBut they aren't earning 1.5 percent on deposits either.
贝基·奎克对。好了,沃伦,请稍等我们片刻。我们先进一小段广告。广告之后我们将继续与沃伦·巴菲特的对话。顺便说一句,如果各位一直在关注这一小时的股指期货,期货行情在昨天抛售之后正指向小幅反弹。现在可以看到,道琼斯指数期货较公允价值高出约 13 点。不过,正如安德鲁所指出的,就在过去三个交易日里,股票市值已经蒸发了 5000 亿美元。我们来看看今天的财报消息和美联储的决议能否引发投资者情绪转变,也许沃伦·巴菲特的话也能给市场带来一些提振。我们广告之后马上回来继续与他对话。另外,在下一小时的开头,通用电气董事长兼首席执行官杰夫·伊梅尔特(Jeff Immelt)将与我们讨论公司最新季度业绩、财政悬崖以及全球经济。《财经论谈》(Squawk Box)今天上午在俄亥俄州哥伦布市通用电气中型企业市场峰会现场直播。我们两分钟后回来与沃伦·巴菲特继续对话。
BECKY QUICKRight. OK, well, Warren hold with us just a moment. We're going to take a quick break. When we come back we're going to continue this conversation with Warren Buffet. By the way, if you've been looking at the futures this hour, they are pointing to a slight rebound after yesterday's sell-off. You can see right now the Dow futures up by about 13 points above fair value. As Andrew pointed out, though, stocks have lost $500 billion just in the last three trading days. We're going to see if today's earnings news and the Fed decision can spark a change in investor sentiment, and maybe Warren Buffett's words, maybe that'll spark things for the markets. We'll talk more with him right after the break. Also, coming up at the top of the next hour General Electric Chairman and CEO Jeff Immelt will talk to us about the company's latest quarter, the fiscal cliff, the global economy. "Squawk Box" is live this morning from the GE Middle Market Summit in Columbus, Ohio. We're back with Warren Buffett in two minutes.
乔·科南我们正在与沃伦·巴菲特对话,贝基正在前方。巴菲特先生刚刚告诉我们,他这周一直在买入富国银行。那番话之后,该股已经翻红转涨。贝基,他们让我提个问题。可以吗?我不会……
JOE KERNENWe are speaking to Warren Buffett, and Becky is out there. Mr. Buffett just telling us that he's been buying Wells Fargo this week. That stock has now turned positive since those comments. Becky, they told me to ask a question. Is that OK? I'm not going to...
贝基·奎克行,问吧。
BECKY QUICKYeah, go ahead.
乔·科南你确定?嘿,沃伦……
JOE KERNENAre you sure? Hey, Warren...
贝基·奎克是的,问吧,乔。
BECKY QUICKYes, go ahead, Joe.
乔·科南沃伦,你喜欢买。你刚说你喜欢买。彼得·塞勒斯(Peter Sellers)喜欢看,而你,你喜欢买。我记得那个段子。
JOE KERNENWarren, you like to buy. You just said you like to buy. Peter Sellers liked to watch, but you like to buy. I remember that.
沃伦·巴菲特是,是。不过买了并不妨碍接着看。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, yeah. Well, buying doesn't —buying doesn't preclude watching.
乔·科南不,不,我知道。跟你肯定不是这样,我清楚。所以我觉得……任何能让市场上涨的东西,你知道,你肯定不会……总比眼睛里戳根尖棍子强吧。所以 QE3 很棒;市场一直在涨。但如果你是有投票权的委员,他们……我不知道,他们今天又要开会,两天的……他们……是吧……我不确定。会开得太密,我都记不住了。但我知道我读到过相关的东西。假如他们投票 QE3 的时候你在场,如果你是投票委员,你会投赞成票吗?
JOE KERNENNo. No, I know. Not with you, I'm sure. But —so that —I figure anything that moves the market higher, you know, you're not going to —it's like, you know, better than a sharp stick in the eye. So QE3 is great; market's been going up. But if you were a voting member and their —I don't know, they got another one of their meetings today, two-day —their —yes —I don't know. They come so quickly, I don't even remember. But I know I've been reading something about that. If you were there when they voted for QE3, would you have voted yes for QE3 if you were a voting member?
沃伦·巴菲特不,我没想过这事,但我会说:我会非常认真地听伯南克怎么说,但我的直觉大概是朝相反方向走。不过我会听他陈述理由。而且……
WARREN BUFFETTNo, I haven't thought about that, but I would say this: I would listen very carefully to Bernanke, but my instincts would probably be to go the other direction. But I —but I would listen to his arguments. And...
贝基·奎克但等一下。
BECKY QUICKBut wait a second.
沃伦·巴菲特嗯。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah.
贝基·奎克你之前说过,QE2 的时候你觉得可能已经有点走过头了。
BECKY QUICKYou said with QE2 you thought maybe it was going too far at that point.
沃伦·巴菲特对,所以……
WARREN BUFFETTYeah. That's why...
贝基·奎克那 QE3 就是在那基础上加倍下注了。
BECKY QUICKSo QE3 is doubling down on that.
沃伦·巴菲特所以我才认真听。但我的直觉是反对。我觉得如果你是央行,能印钱,事情就容易得多。购买 2.6 或 7 亿——不对——万亿的证券,比将来退出操作要容易得多。
WARREN BUFFETTThat's why I'd listened carefully. But my instincts are to go against it. I think it's much easier if you're —if you're a central bank and you could print money. It's much easier to acquire 2.6 or 7 billion or trillion, actually, of securities than it will be to unwind that operation.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
沃伦·巴菲特而且你可以无限地扩下去。我是说,如果你想 QE2,你知道,每月 1000 亿美元——或者 QE3——每月 1000 亿,他——他是唯一能做到的人。他拥有无限的购买力。无限的出售能力可能就有点不一样了。那需要一些配合。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd you can expand it indefinitely. I mean, if you wanted QE2 to be, you know, 100 billion a month —or QE3 —100 billion, it —he's the one guy that can do it. He has unlimited buying power. Unlimited selling power could be a little different. You need some cooperation on that.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金沃伦,不过你在政治上支持总统。罗姆尼州长暗示过他会——我倒不是说他炒伯南克鱿鱼,而是不会让他再做第三任。顺便说一句,也不清楚即便在奥巴马任内,伯南克自己是否想要第三任期。但这对你政治上的判断有什么影响吗?
ANDREW ROSS SORKINWarren, you're supportive of the president, though. Governor Romney suggested that he would —I wouldn't suggest he would fire Bernanke, but he wouldn't pick him up for a third term. Not clear, by the way, that Bernanke wants a third term even under Obama. But how does —how does that affect or impact your thinking in terms of politics?
沃伦·巴菲特我认为伯南克干得绝对出色。我是说,他 2008 年秋天做的事极有胆量。那基本上是正确之举。当时人人都在谈些边角的修修补补。但我要说:如果 2008 年没有本·伯南克,我不确定我们今天会在哪里。所以我对他充满敬意。他——他是一个极为、极为聪明的人。不知你读过他大约一年前在乔治·华盛顿大学做的四次演讲没有。他——你没法不深深敬佩他。而且,你知道,他看到的经济状况是,他几乎在一个人孤军奋战试图启动经济,而当你望向国会那边,那边基本是瘫痪的。我永远不会赌他输。不过我还是要说,我对美联储持续扩大资产负债表有点担心。你知道,我们现在有 3% 的财政收入来自美联储的利润——美联储正以此进行套利交易,如果你看……
WARREN BUFFETTI think Bernanke has done an absolutely superb job. I mean, what he did in the fall of 2008 was gutty. It was —it was basically right. You know, everybody talking about tinkering at the edges. But I will say this: If Ben Bernanke hadn't been there in 2008, I'm not sure where we would be now. So I have enormous respect for him. I —he's a very, very intelligent man. I don't know if you've ever read his four lectures that were given at George Washington U about a year ago. He —you've got to respect him enormously. And, you know, he sees an economy that he's sort of fighting by himself to get started when he looks over —you look over at Congress that's more or less paralyzed. And I would never bet against him. I still would say that I get a little worried about continuously expanding the balance sheet of the Fed. You know, we now are getting 3 percent of our revenues from the profit of —that the Fed is running out as carry trade, if you look at the...
贝基·奎克美国有 3% 的财政收入来自那里?
BECKY QUICKThe United States gets 3 percent of its revenue?
沃伦·巴菲特对,美国——那 2.4 万亿美元还是 2.5 万亿美元的财政收入,第三——第三大——第四大项。第一项是个人所得税,然后是工资税,再是企业所得税。第四项是美联储派发的股息。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, the United States —that 2.4 or 5 trillion of revenue, the third —the third-biggest —the fourth-biggest item. The first item is personal income taxes and then payroll taxes, then corporate income taxes. The fourth is dividend from the Fed.
贝基·奎克哇。
BECKY QUICKWow.
沃伦·巴菲特对,他去年赚了七八百亿。这是前所未闻的,你知道,如果回到几年前。所以他有一个完美的套利交易。我是说,当他——当他——当他借钱的时候——他从银行借了 1.5 万亿,他付给他们 0.25% 的利息。然后他有 1 万亿流通中的货币,他不用付任何代价,除了纸张成本。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, he made 70 or 80 billion last year. This is —this is unheard of, you know, if you go back a few years. So he's got the perfect carry trade. I mean, when he —when he —when he borrows —he's got a trillion and a half borrowed from the banks, which he pays them a quarter of a percent for. Then he's got a trillion in money in circulation, which he doesn't pay anything for, except the cost of the paper.
贝基·奎克但你担心未来的通胀吗?这是我们会看到的事情吗?我们能及时踩刹车,把一部分流动性从系统中抽出来吗?
BECKY QUICKBut do you worry about inflation down the road? Is this something that we'll see coming? Will we be able to put the brakes on in time and try and get some of that liquidity back out of the system?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我——没有人比伯南克更理解这个问题。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, I —there's nobody that understands that problem better than Bernanke.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
沃伦·巴菲特但这不意味着我必然认为解决方案会完美。我宁愿让他来思考并试图调整影响……(听不清)。
WARREN BUFFETTBut that doesn't mean that I necessarily think that the solution is going to be perfect. I'd rather have him thinking about it and trying to modify the impact of...(unintelligible).
贝基·奎克但就安德鲁说的,如果他没有下一任期,或者他选择不再连任而换了别人,那个人处境会相当困难。
BECKY QUICKBut to Andrew's point, if he doesn't have another term, or if he chooses not to stand for another term and there's someone else there, that person's going to have a pretty difficult job.
沃伦·巴菲特对,要看是谁,但我会再次投票给伯南克。我是说,我会把我的孩子和所有其他人都拉来投他的票。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, it depends who it is, but I would vote for Bernanke again. I'd —you know, and I'd get my kids out and everybody else to vote for him.
贝基·奎克但如果伯南克说他根本不想留——因为人们……
BECKY QUICKBut if Bernanke says that he's not even interested in staying —because they're —the people...
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,那你会担心——也许他知道自己留下的是什么烂摊子。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, then you get worried because —maybe that he knows what he's leaving behind.
贝基·奎克对。像(前美联储理事)凯文·沃什这样的亲近他的人都说过,他可能任期够长了。
BECKY QUICKYeah. People like (former Fed governor) Kevin Warsh, who knows him closely, has said that, you know, he may have done enough time there.
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我觉得他确实那么想,特别是在国会作证之后。但我确实认为,如果美国总统请求像本·伯南克这样的人留任,他会留下来的。我觉得他——我觉得他那么忠于国家。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, well, I think he feels that way, particularly after his congressional testimony. But I do think if the president of the United States asks somebody like Ben Bernanke to stay on, I think he will stay on. I think he's —I think he's that devoted to the country.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKHm.
乔·科南好了……
JOE KERNENAll right...
沃伦·巴菲特我宁愿他留任,而不是别人。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd I would rather have him there than anybody else.
贝基·奎克嗯嗯。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm.
乔·科南沃伦,你……
JOE KERNENWarren, do you...
贝基·奎克乔,请提问。
BECKY QUICKJoe:
乔·科南你认为,考虑到美联储的非常规操作,当前债券市场所在的位置,与如果他们没有这么积极干预时的位置,差距其实并不大吗?如果是那样,我想应该没什么问题。但如果当前的位置,与他们不干预时本来会达到的位置差距很大,那这不是会制造某些扭曲,并最终反噬我们吗?我也喜欢股票上涨。而且我从你眼神里看得出来,市场上涨的时候你也喜欢。但我只是在想,这——这到底值不值得……
JOE KERNENDo you think that where the bond market is right now, given the extraordinary action by the Fed, do you think it's not that far from where it would be if they hadn't been as active? And then I guess it's OK. But if it be a long way from where it is without them, doesn't that sort of cause some dislocations that eventually are going to come back to haunt us? I like when stocks go up, too. And I can see it in your eye, you like it when the market's going up. But I'm just wondering, is it —is it worth it with...
沃伦·巴菲特不,不,不是这样。
WARREN BUFFETTNo, no, no.
乔·科南啊?你确实喜欢。不管什么原因,谁会不喜欢市场上涨呢?
JOE KERNENHuh? You do. And who doesn't like when the market goes up for whatever reason?
贝基·奎克(巴菲特举起手)你。
BECKY QUICK(As Buffett raises his hand) You.
乔·科南但如果市场涨到了一个阶段,它的上涨不是基于基本面,那感觉早晚会出事。不是吗?
JOE KERNENBut if it gets to a point where it's not up —where it's not up based on the underlying fundamentals, it seems like sooner or later something has to happen. No?
沃伦·巴菲特你知道,利率之于所有资产的价格,就如同地心引力之于地球的运作。我的意思是,一切都建立在利率之上。它或许看起来不太明显,你懂的,某个巴西种植园的价值也与它挂钩,但一切都与利率相关。我是说,出发点是你从无风险利率中能获得多少回报。
WARREN BUFFETTInterest rates are to the prices of all assets, you know, like gravity is to the function of the Earth. I mean, everything is based off interest rates. It may not seem obvious, you know, and —that the value of some, you know, plantation in Brazil or something is geared off it, but everything relates to interest rates. I mean, you start with what you can get from a risk-free interest rate.
乔·科南没错。
JOE KERNENRight.
沃伦·巴菲特所以它有着极其、极其巨大的引力作用。它影响我现在做的事情,你知道吗?它影响——影响着每个人在做的事。所以……
WARREN BUFFETTAnd so there —it has a huge, huge, huge gravitational pull. It affects what I'm doing, you know? It affects —it affects what everybody's doing. So...
贝基·奎克它影响到你在伯克希尔做的事吗?
BECKY QUICKIt affects what you're doing at Berkshire?
沃伦·巴菲特哦,是的。我是说,如果我的——如果我的资金获得的是零利率,我审视其他资产的方式就会有些不同,不论是买农场、公寓楼还是任何其他东西。而且,当然,那些会借钱给我买公寓楼的人,也会以更低的利率把钱借给我。这也是我六个月前建议买房的原因之一,因为低利率导致了低按揭利率,而低按揭利率,让你能锁定 30 年,而这项政策可能——可能仅仅还会再持续一两年……
WARREN BUFFETTOh, yeah. I mean, if I'm —if I'm getting zero percent on money, I am going to look at other assets somewhat differently, whether it's buying a farm or an apartment house or anything else. And, of course, the people who will lend money to me to buy the apartment house are going to lend it to me cheaper. It's one of the reasons I recommended housing six months ago, because the low interest rates had caused low mortgage rates, and low mortgage rates, when you can sign up for 30 years off a policy that may be —only be in effect for another year or two...
贝基·奎克嗯哼。
巴菲特:……你得到了一笔相当划算的交易。但是,不,乔,美联储确实对利率产生了巨大的影响。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm. BUFFETT:...you're getting a tremendous deal. But no, Joe, the Fed has had an enormous effect on interest rates.
乔·科南但——但这样没问题吗?
JOE KERNENIs it —but it's OK?
沃伦·巴菲特这个嘛——嗯,我不知道这有没有问题,但我知道……
WARREN BUFFETTNow —well, I don't know if it's OK or not, but I know that...
乔·科南你喜欢价格上涨。
JOE KERNENYou like the prices going up.
沃伦·巴菲特我知道这——好吧,我会说,如果你现在购房或做类似的事情,那是绝对没问题的。但就政策而言——在政策层面,美联储主席和美联储的成员们当时做出决定,认为这个经济体需要一记足够有力的电击,而它无法通过开明的财政政策来获得,因此他们基本上打算独自扛起全部担子。我不认为——我不认为他们喜欢这么做……
WARREN BUFFETTI know that it's being —well, I would say that it's marvelously OK if you're buying a house or something like that now. But in terms of policy —in terms of policy, the chairman of the Fed and the members of the Fed made a decision that this economy needed enough of a jolt and it wasn't going to get it through enlightened fiscal policy and that they were going to basically carry the whole load themselves. I don't —I don't think they enjoy it...
乔·科南对。巴菲特:……但我认为伯南克——我觉得他是个非常负责任的人。当然,这并不意味着他每次判断都正确,但我认为他非常负责任,而且人也很聪明。
JOE KERNENRight. BUFFETT:...but I think that Bernanke —I think he's a very responsible guy. Now, it doesn't mean he calls them all right, but I think he's a very responsible guy and a very smart guy.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金好的,沃伦。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINOK, Warren.
贝基·奎克安德鲁……安德鲁:……我们先插一段广告,趁广告时间自己赚点钱。接下来还有更多内容,来自贝基,当然还有沃伦·巴菲特。此外,我们还会带来航空巨头波音即将公布的财报、具体数字和市场反应。我们也会和沃伦聊聊这个。整点报时后,通用电气董事长兼首席执行官杰夫·伊梅尔特将加入我们的对话。“财经快报”两分钟后回来。
BECKY QUICKAndrew ... ANDREW:...we're going to slip in a quick break, try to make some money ourselves during the commercial. We're going to have a lot more to come from Becky and, of course, Warren Buffett. Plus, we've got earnings from aircraft giant Boeing ahead. The numbers and market reaction. We'll talk to Warren about that, as well. And then at the top of the hour, GE Chairman and CEO Jeff Immelt's going to join the conversation. "Squawk's" back in two minutes.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金欢迎回到今早的“财经快报”。(头条新闻和财报消息)不过我正打算看美国电话电报公司的消息时,它就突然从屏幕上弹了出来。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINWelcome back to "Squawk Box" this morning. (Headlines and earnings news) But as I was making my way to the AT&T news, that popped off the screen.
乔·科南你在刻意不提美国电话电报公司吗?
JOE KERNENAre you avoiding AT&T?
安德鲁·罗斯·索金我没有在刻意不提美国电话电报公司。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINI'm not avoiding AT&T.
乔·科南好的。那你点评一下?还是——我先看看——算了。你——好的,贝基,很好,先留着。
JOE KERNENOK. Would you like to take a shot at that? Or —I'm going to look at it right —no. You —OK, Becky, good, save it.
贝基·奎克我这里有。美国电话电报公司财报。调整后每股收益 63 美分,比市场一致预期高出 3 美分。扣除已剥离的 Advanced Solutions 业务(即黄页业务)后,合并收入增长 2.6%。公司现金流创下纪录,第三季度经营性现金流为 115 亿美元,自由现金流为 65 亿美元,并将全年自由现金流指引上调了超过 20 亿美元。对美国电话电报公司来说,iPhone 永远是重头戏。他们第三季度激活了 470 万部 iPhone。我不确定分析师此前的预期是多少。但公司还表示,第三季度客户流失率创下有史以来同期最佳水平,后付费客户流失率为 1.08%。所以,又一次超出预期 3 美分,而且看起来部分相当强劲的数字也令自由现金流指引上调了超过 20 亿美元。
BECKY QUICKI have it. AT&T earnings. They came in with an adjusted 63 cents. That was 3 cents ahead of consensus. Consolidated revenue up 2.6 percent when you exclude —or the divested Advanced Solutions*(as spoken)*unit. That was the Yellow Pages one. Company had record cash flow, cash from operations of 11 1/2 billion, free cash flow of 6 1/2 billion in the third quarter. And it's increasing its full year of free cash flow guidance by more than $2 billion. IPhone is always a big deal when it comes to AT&T. They had 4.7 million activations in the third quarter. I'm not sure what the analysts were looking for. But they also are saying that they had the best ever third quarter churn, postpaid churn of 1.08 percent. So again, a beat by 3 cents, and it looks like some pretty strong numbers also increasing their free cash flow guidance by more than $2 billion.
乔·科南是的。所以是最低流失率,你的意思是,不是最高——是的,所以……(听不清)
JOE KERNENYeah. So the lowest churn, is what you mean, not the —yeah, so the...(unintelligible).
安德鲁·罗斯·索金最低流失率……(听不清)……没错。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINThe lowest churn...(unintelligible)...right.
乔·科南是的,流失率。
JOE KERNENYeah, churn.
贝基·奎克是的,有史以来最佳,也就是最低——有史以来最佳的意思就是最低流失率。
BECKY QUICKYeah, best ever, lowest —best ever meaning lowest churn.
乔·科南是的。是的,随着……
JOE KERNENYeah. Yeah, with...
贝基·奎克后付费客户流失率为 1.08%。
BECKY QUICKPostpaid churn of 1.08 percent.
乔·科南说到美国电话电报公司,现在大家就是看它们在无线业务和无线广告方面做得如何……
JOE KERNENAt this point, with AT&T, people just look at how they do in terms of wireless and wireless ads...
贝基·奎克是的。乔:……还有人们平均花费了多少钱……以及 iPhone 的表现。
BECKY QUICKYeah. JOE:...and how much people are spending for... And iPhone.
乔·科南是的。然后,当然,你知道,你看着——多么不可思议的收益率,5% 的收益率。我不知道为什么巴菲特不把他所有的钱都投到威瑞森和美国电话电报公司。我会得到——我的意思是,当你得到……
JOE KERNENYeah. And then, of course, you know, you watch —what unbelievable yield, 5 percent yield. I don't know why Buffett doesn't put all his money in Verizon and AT&T. I'd get —I mean, when you're getting...
贝基·奎克沃伦,你想回答这个吗?威瑞森和美国电话电报公司,你曾经看过这些公司吗?
BECKY QUICKWarren, you want to answer that? Verizon and AT&T, you ever look at those companies?
沃伦·巴菲特我不知道它们五年或十年后会是什么样子。
WARREN BUFFETTI don't know what it'll look like five or 10 years from now.
贝基·奎克好吧……(听不清)。
BECKY QUICKAll right...(unintelligible).
乔·科南他又来了。
JOE KERNENThere he goes again.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金(听不清)
ANDREW ROSS SORKIN(Unintelligible)
乔·科南哇。一百年后,五年或十年。
JOE KERNENWow. You get a hundred years from now, five or 10.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金一百年后,对。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINHundred years from now, right.
乔·科南所以同时有 5% 的收益。不过,沃伦,这是真的。人们会说,‘哇,你拿到了 5% 的收益率。’股价跌 5% 并不难,对吧?我是说,如果市场有它的……那个收益率不一定能维持住。
JOE KERNENSo 5 percent in the meantime. You know, that's true, though, Warren. People would say, 'Wow, you got a 5 percent yield.' Doesn't take much for stock to go down 5 percent, does it? I mean, that yield doesn't necessarily hold up if the markets had its...
安德鲁·罗斯·索金但这些公司就像收费站,所以……
ANDREW ROSS SORKINBut these things are like tollbooths, so...
乔·科南是的。
JOE KERNENYeah.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金对吧?
ANDREW ROSS SORKINRight?
乔·科南是的。
JOE KERNENYeah.
沃伦·巴菲特是的。是的,我们买股票主要是为了未来的盈利。如果他们用这些钱——如果你把所有钱都用来回购股票,就像多年前亨利·辛格尔顿对特利丹做的那样,那可能更有利。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah. Yeah, we mostly buy stocks for future earnings. And if they use the money to —if you used all the money to repurchase shares like Henry Singleton did with Teledyne years ago, that could be even more advantageous.
乔·科南是的。
JOE KERNENYeah.
贝基·奎克因为你最终会拥有公司越来越大的份额。
BECKY QUICKBecause you end up owning a bigger and bigger chunk of the company.
沃伦·巴菲特越来越大。IBM 今年每个季度几乎都花了 30 亿美元,数额差不多,用于回购股票。他们买得越便宜,我们的持股比例就越高。
WARREN BUFFETTBigger, bigger. IBM spent 3 billion in each quarter this year, almost to the dollar, buying in stock. The cheaper they buy it, the more our interest goes up.
贝基·奎克即使科技公司经历了这么多麻烦,你仍然看好 IBM 吗?
BECKY QUICKYou still like IBM even after all the troubles technology companies have seen?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,他们确实有点挣扎,而且挺有意思的是,我们持有的股份比年底时还多一点,多年来我们对它很有信心。但在第三季度,他们出售了一个子公司 RSS,我认为税后产生了大约 2.88 亿美元,这就是全部收益。据我所知,《纽约时报》没有报道它,《华尔街日报》没有报道它,《金融时报》也没有报道它。这件事根本没被讨论。这只是财报中的一行,却占了全部盈利收益,而且这是一部分业务的出售。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, they're struggling a little, and it was kind of interesting, in the —we owned —we own a little more than we owned at year-end, and we got great confidence in that over the years. But in the third quarter, they had a sale of a subsidiary, RSS, that produced about 288 million, I think, after tax, which was all the gain. And to my knowledge, The New York Times did not have a line on it, The Wall Street Journal did not have a line on it, the FT did not have a line on it. Didn't get discussed. It was one line in the report and it accounted for all the gain and earnings, and it was a sale of a part of a business.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKHm.
沃伦·巴菲特你知道,我认为报道在这方面错过了重点。
WARREN BUFFETTYou know, I think the reporting missed the boat on that one.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金是的。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINYeah.
贝基·奎克好的,我们回来后会再讨论 IBM 和你其他的投资。安德鲁,我们把信号交回给你们。
BECKY QUICKOK, we're going to talk more about IBM and some of your other investments when we come back. And, Andrew, we'll send it back over to you guys.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金好的,谢谢,贝基。稍后在俄亥俄州哥伦布市举行的通用电气中间市场峰会上,我们还有更多沃伦·巴菲特的内容。然后,通用电气董事长兼首席执行官杰夫·伊梅尔特将讨论商业状况、如何避免财政悬崖,以及更多、更多内容。你哪也不要去。我们接下来有一场大秀。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINOK, thanks, Becky. Still to come from GE's Middle Market Summit in Columbus, Ohio, we've got more of Warren Buffett. And then later, General Electric chairman and CEO Jeff Immelt on business conditions, avoiding the fiscal cliff and much, much more. You don't want to go anywhere. We've got a big show ahead.
乔·科南我们有一张新——有一张新照片。
JOE KERNENWe got a new —there's a new picture.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金我们还有一张新照片。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINAnd we got a new picture.
贝基·奎克欢迎回来,各位。今早我们在俄亥俄州哥伦布市,与沃伦·巴菲特一起参加全国中间市场峰会,这个会议由通用电气和俄亥俄州立大学商学院赞助。沃伦,我们已经谈了很多关于企业的事。我想稍后再回到 IBM 的话题。但我们今天在这里的原因是关注中间市场企业。关于就业和就业状况有很多问题。中间市场公司在我们过去几年看到的就业增长中占了很大一部分。它们一直是净增加就业的。能跟我们聊聊伯克希尔在就业方面做了什么吗?
BECKY QUICKWelcome back, everybody. We are with Warren Buffett this morning in Columbus, Ohio, at the National Middle Market Summit, which is sponsored by General Electric and Ohio State University's business school here. You know, Warren, we've talked an awful lot about businesses. I want to get back to IBM in a little bit. But the reason we're here today is because of this focus on midsized businesses. There's been an awful lot of questions about jobs and the jobs picture out there. Midsized companies account for a lot of the job growth that we have seen over the last several years. They've been net adders of jobs. Can you talk to us a little bit about what Berkshire's been doing in terms of jobs?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,是的。伯克希尔旗下 75 家公司中,可能至少有 50 家符合中间市场标准,即销售额在 1000 万到 10 亿美元之间。在我看来——今年还剩几个月——但在我看来,伯克希尔在 27 万员工的基础上,我们可能有机地增加大约 8000 个工作岗位,然后通过收购可能再增加 1 万到 1.5 万个,所以……
WARREN BUFFETTWell, yeah. Berkshire probably has at least 50 of its 75 companies that would fit the —fit the middle market 10 million to 1 billion of sales category. It looks to me —there's a few months left —but it looks to me like we'll add at Berkshire, on a base of 270,000, we'll probably add about maybe 8,000 jobs organically, and then we'll probably add another 10 or 15,000 on acquisition, so...
贝基·奎克对于我们现在所在的今年?
BECKY QUICKFor this year that we're in right now?
沃伦·巴菲特今年,是的,是的。像 GEICO 和北伯林顿这样的某些业务会增员,然后我们买了——我们买了不少我们称之为补强收购的公司,不是大交易,但有时会带来 1000 或 2000 人。
WARREN BUFFETTThis year, yeah, yeah, yeah. Certain businesses like GEICO and Burlington Northern add people and then we bought —we bought a fair number of what we call bolt-on acquisitions, not big deals but they bring with them a thousand or 2,000 people sometimes.
贝基·奎克关于就业增长,那些与住房相关的公司呢?你一直在说你看到了那里的转折。这有没有转化为就业增长,并且……
BECKY QUICKIn terms of the jobs growth, what about the companies that are related to housing? You've been talking about how you've seen a turn there. Has that translated into any jobs growth and...
沃伦·巴菲特有一些就业增长。我的意思是,我们的克莱顿房屋今年可能会多生产 15% 左右的房屋,这需要更多人。GEICO 会卖出更多的保险单,这也需要更多人。还有——我们的家具业务做得非常好。我们卖出了很多地毯和家具。所以我们增员,但我们也增加了相当多——我们今年做的补强收购比历史上任何一年都多,而且多出不少。它们带来了成千上万的人。
WARREN BUFFETTThere's some jobs growth. I mean, you know, our Clayton Homes is going to produce maybe 15 percent more homes or something like that this year, and that takes more people. And GEICO is going to sell more insurance policies and that takes more people. And the —our furniture businesses are doing very well. We're selling a lot of carpet and furniture. And so we add people, but we've also going to add quite —we've made more bolt-on acquisitions this year than ever before in our history by some margin. And they bring with them thousands and thousands of people.
贝基·奎克你现在手上有多少现金?
BECKY QUICKHow much cash do you have on hand right now?
沃伦·巴菲特我们大概至少有 400 亿美元。
WARREN BUFFETTWe probably have at least 40 billion.
贝基·奎克你正在物色——正在物色另一笔大收购吗?
BECKY QUICKAre you in the hunt —on the hunt for another big acquisition?
沃伦·巴菲特我垂涎欲滴,是的。昨晚有个人递给我一张名片,说:“这个要花你 60 亿美元。”他没给我财务数据,但我准备——我知道那家公司,所以等我回到家,我会打电话给他,问他要财务数据,然后……
WARREN BUFFETTI'm salivating, yeah. A fellow handed me a card last night and he said, `This will cost you 6 billion.' And he didn't give me the financials, but I'm going to call him when I get —I know the company so when I get home I'll call him and I'll ask him for the financials and...
贝基·奎克什么——你有没有看过其他大型收购标的?
BECKY QUICKWhat —have you looked at any other big acquisitions?
沃伦·巴菲特今年我们有两个潜在收购机会,金额在 200 亿美元上下,CEO 也想推进,但最后没做成。价格很棘手。
WARREN BUFFETTWe had two acquisitions this year, possibilities, that were plus and minus 20 billion and where the CEO wanted to do it but it didn't get done. Prices are tough.
贝基·奎克现在价格很棘手。
BECKY QUICKPrices are tough right now.
沃伦·巴菲特嗯。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah.
贝基·奎克好吧。我们将要……
BECKY QUICKAll right. We're going to...
沃伦·巴菲特而且廉价资金让这——这也是个因素。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd cheap money makes that —that's a factor in there.
贝基·奎克我们稍后会再详谈这个。现在我们要插播一段非常简短的广告。回来后,我们会再聊聊收购市场的状况,以及为什么市场上会有这么多资金。顺便提一下,明天对乔来说是个大日子。节目结束后他将主持“办公时间”。你可以给我们的 Facebook 页面点赞,给他发送评论和问题,他会在东部时间上午 9 点左右开始回复。沃伦·巴菲特做客的“财经快报”在短暂休息后马上回来。
BECKY QUICKWe're going to talk more about that in just a moment. We're going to slip in a very quick break right now. When we come back, we'll talk a little bit more about the market for acquisitions and why there's so much money around out there. By the way, tomorrow is a big day for Joe. He's going to be hosting "Office Hours" after the show. You can like our Facebook page, you can send him comments and questions, and he'll be responding starting at about 9 AM Eastern time. "Squawk" with Warren Buffett back after this quick break.
播音员欢迎回到与伯克希尔·哈撒韦董事长兼首席执行官沃伦·巴菲特的特别一对一专访。有请贝基·奎克。
ANNOUNCERWelcome back to this special one-on-one interview with Warren Buffett, chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway. Here now, Becky Quick.
贝基·奎克欢迎回来,各位。我们正在俄亥俄州哥伦布市的俄亥俄州立大学,为您现场直播 GE Capital 的中层市场峰会。今天上午和我一起的是伯克希尔·哈撒韦董事长兼首席执行官沃伦·巴菲特。沃伦,你刚才谈到你一直在四处寻觅 200 亿美元左右的大型收购。有几笔已经谈崩了,部分原因在于现在的定价实在太难。这是……
沃伦·巴菲特:定价难,资金又便宜,所以……是啊。
沃伦·巴菲特:……我们收购不靠杠杆,全都用的是自有资金。但那些用杠杆的人,能以极低的利率——恐怕是有史以来最低的利率——融到收购价款的很大一部分。这就让他们出价时能相当激进。但这并不影响我们的决策。
贝基·奎克:那你觉得眼下这些收购价格是不是有点失控了?
BECKY QUICKWelcome back, everybody. We are coming to you live from GE Capital's Middle Market Summit that's taking place at Ohio State University in Columbus. I'm joined this morning by Berkshire Hathaway chairman and CEO Warren Buffett. And, Warren, you were just talking about how you've been on the prowl looking for big acquisitions around 20 billion or so. A couple of them have fallen through, but part of it is because pricing is so difficult right now. It's... erBUFFETT: Pricing's difficult and money's cheap so... Yeah. BUFFETT:...we don't leverage our purchases so we're buying on an all equity basis. But people who do leverage are getting significant portions of the purchase price at very, very low rates, probably as low as they've ever gotten. So that enables them to bid pretty aggressively. And it doesn't factor into our thinking. But you think at this point maybe some of these acquisition prices are getting a little out of control?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我也这么觉得,不过,你知道,被人打败的时候有这种想法也很自然。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, that's the way I feel but, you know, that'd be —that's natural when you're getting beaten out.
贝基·奎克但你不打算提价去竞争。
BECKY QUICKBut you won't raise your prices to compete.
沃伦·巴菲特不会。不会。我们——不过——现在我们的补强收购已经创纪录了。我们大概做了,我也记不太清,可能 15 笔不同的收购,但它们加起来可能也就 20 亿美元左右。这些收购都不错,也跟我们现有的公司很匹配,但我真正喜欢的,是大象级的交易。
WARREN BUFFETTNo. No. We —but —now we've had a record for bolt-on acquisitions. We've probably done, I don't know, maybe 15 different acquisitions, but they probably only add up to maybe $2 billion or something of the sort. And they're good and they fit in with the companies we have, but what I really like is the elephant.
贝基·奎克这么说来,你始终在寻找“大象”……
BECKY QUICKSo you're always out elephant hunting...
沃伦·巴菲特那当然。贝基·奎克:……扛着你的大象猎枪?是啊,没错。
WARREN BUFFETTAbsolutely. BECKY:...with your elephant gun? Yeah, yeah.
贝基·奎克你能不能……
BECKY QUICKCan you...
沃伦·巴菲特而且这种机会更可能出现在银根收紧的时候,或者类似那种情况,因为如果按当前这么低的利率能借到钱,你就能出很高的价。但要知道,别人要是出错了价,可以抽身走人;可我们要是出错了价,就得跟它绑一辈子了。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd they're more likely to come along when either money conditions are fairly tight or something of the sort because if you can borrow money at these rates, you can pay a lot of money, and, you know, and other people, if they pay the wrong price, they walk away from them, but if we pay the wrong price, we live with them forever.
贝基·奎克那如果这些交易没能达成,是否意味着你一直在更积极地寻找市场上可买的股票,从而手里备了更多现金来做这件事?
BECKY QUICKSo if these deals haven't gone through, that means you've been looking more aggressively for stocks to buy in the market and as a result, you've got more cash to do that?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我们始终在寻找股票,而且我有两个同事在帮我做这件事,他们确实一刻不停地在找。不过——到头来,我往往还是会在已有的标的上继续加仓。任何一家新公司、任何一只新股票,我一看,就会拿它跟手头现有的最佳主意去比。而且我完全不介意就这么对着现有的标的一再加仓。所以新机会必须胜过它们才行。偏偏我对那些公司又相当熟,所以门槛确实很高。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, we're always looking for stocks, and I've got two fellows that are working for me that are really looking for stocks all the time. And —but I usually end up buying more of something I already know. Any new company, any new stock I look at, I measure it against the best idea I've got among the present ones. And I'm perfectly willing to just keep adding to the present ones. So it has to beat them. And I know those companies pretty well so it's a pretty high threshold.
贝基·奎克我们再回到 IBM 的话题。
BECKY QUICKLet's go back to IBM.
沃伦·巴菲特好啊。
WARREN BUFFETTRight.
贝基·奎克你刚才正好谈到 IBM。过去两三个月里,你有没有增持这家公司的股票?
BECKY QUICKYou were talking just a moment ago about IBM. Have you added any shares to that company in the last couple of months?
沃伦·巴菲特有可能——我说不准是不是刚好两三个月。我们今年——今年做过增持。增持的量不算非常大,但——嗯,我们大概增持了,怎么也有好几亿美元。富国银行的话,我们今年光它一只大概就增持了 10 亿美元上下,差不多这个数。
WARREN BUFFETTMaybe —I don't know if it'd be quite a couple of months. We've added —we've added shares this year. We haven't added a lot of shares but we've —well, we've probably added, you know, it'd be in many hundreds of millions. Wells, we probably added maybe a billion dollars' worth this year, something like that.
贝基·奎克当时你第一次披露 IBM 仓位的时候,很多人都大吃一惊,因为你一向回避科技股。你自己也说过,那行当你真不太懂,所以不想沾。
BECKY QUICKWhen you first announced your stake in IBM, it caught a lot of people by surprise because you have always stayed away from technology companies. You've said it's something you didn't really understand and so you didn't want to get involved with it.
沃伦·巴菲特没错。
WARREN BUFFETTRight.
贝基·奎克那是什么——在考察 IBM 的时候,你说它情况稍微有点不一样,当时你觉得它能看懂。我猜其中一部分原因在于它的服务业务这个因子。
BECKY QUICKWhat —in looking at IBM, you said it was a little different situation. It made sense to you at that point. I guess part of that is the services factor of it.
沃伦·巴菲特对。
WARREN BUFFETTRight.
贝基·奎克可回看这些大型科技公司,有几家似乎正慢慢走向成熟。你买 IBM 股票后,有过一丝后悔吗?
BECKY QUICKBut when you look at these big technology companies, it looks like some of them may be maturing. Have you regretted getting into IBM shares at all?
沃伦·巴菲特没有。我很乐于持有它。不过——我认为拉长时间来看,他们在海外市场可能会比在美国做得更好。但我确实——当我们买入这类公司时,我会到我们自己的公司里去,看他们在做什么,未来几年打算做什么,跟特定供应商的绑定有多深,以及这种关系的粘性有多强。所以,我们——我——尽管,你懂的,你要是把我丢进电脑机房再让我原地转几圈,我当场就分不清东南西北了,就只盼着能有人进来带我出去。但我的确知道我们的经理们跟我讲的那些计划,以及他们跟供应商的关系有多深。有一位经理跟我说过一些——我想不太方便原话重复,但基本意思就是,跟某些特定供应商之间,你有时候会绑得非常死。
WARREN BUFFETTNo. I'm delighted to be in it. But —and I think they'll probably do better abroad than in the United States over time. But I do —when we buy something like that, I go to our companies and see what they're doing and what they plan to be doing in future years and how tied in they are with given suppliers and how much stickiness there is to it. And so we —I —even though, you know, if you put me in a computer room and spin me around, I'm lost, you know. I'm just hoping somebody comes here and helps me get out. But I do know what our managers tell me about their plans and the degree to which they're involved. I had one manager tell me something —I guess it isn't quite repeatable, nevertheless, in terms of you get pretty locked in sometimes with your —with your supplier.
贝基·奎克哪些东西是不可复制的?
BECKY QUICKWhat's not repeatable?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我当时问他——我不会提那家公司的名字——这家公司的业务粘性到底有多强,他说,“嗯,就像染上艾滋病。”
WARREN BUFFETTWell, I asked him how sticky —I won't name the company —necessarily was when you got in there, and he said, `Well, it's like getting AIDS.'
贝基·奎克就是说它粘住了,而且一直粘在那里。
BECKY QUICKSo it sticks and it sticks around.
沃伦·巴菲特对,对。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, yeah.
贝基·奎克是真的。说起来,我应该提一下保险公司,因为我们刚才没聊到这个。
BECKY QUICKIt really does. You know, I should bring up the insurance companies because we didn't talk about that before.
沃伦·巴菲特规模很大。
WARREN BUFFETTThey're big.
贝基·奎克吉姆·克莱默(Jim Cramer)说过,他对保险业的当前情况非常感兴趣,因为最近很多保险公司都做得相当不错。
BECKY QUICKJim Cramer had said he's very interested in hearing more about what's happening with insurance because a lot of insurance companies have been doing very well lately.
沃伦·巴菲特是的。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah.
贝基·奎克关于伯克希尔的保险公司,你能跟我们介绍一下吗?
BECKY QUICKWhat can you tell us about Berkshire's insurance companies?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,伯克希尔的保险公司表现不错。我们手里有大约 700 亿美元别人的钱,我们称之为浮存金。如果我们能做到承保利润,那这笔钱就好比你给了我 700 亿美元,而我可以用它赚取全部投资收益,而盈利全归我。今年到目前为止,我们是有承保利润的。所以,别人不仅给了我们这 700 亿美元,还额外付给了我们一笔钱,让我们持有这笔资金,而我们获得了它所带来的全部投资收入。所以,保险业务好的时候,它简直太棒了,今年就相当不错。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, Berkshire's insurance companies are doing well. I mean, we have about 70 billion or other people's money. We call it float. And when we run at an underwriting profit, that money is just like you gave me 70 billion and I get to earn all the money on it. And this year so far we've had an underwriting profit. So not only have they given us the 70 billion, but they've given us some more money to hold it, and we get all the investment income from it. So when insurance is good, it's terrific, and it's been good this year.
贝基·奎克您对消费者情况的了解,不仅来自伯克希尔旗下全资控股的公司,也来自像可口可乐这样的公司,还通过您对全球各地消费者感受的观察——目前情况怎样?一些消费品公司面临着很大压力,因为大宗商品价格上涨,而有时它们无法将这些成本转嫁给消费者。
BECKY QUICKWhat do you know about the consumer, not only from the companies you have at Berkshire that you own outright, but from a company like Coca-Cola and from being able to look around the globe to see how consumers are feeling? There's been a lot of pressure on some of these consumer products companies because prices for commodities have gone up and sometimes they can't pass those on to their consumer.
沃伦·巴菲特你想想看,可口可乐从 1886 年就有了。这相当了不起,不是吗?
WARREN BUFFETTWhen you think about it, Coca-Cola's been around since 1886. That's pretty amazing, isn't it?
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
沃伦·巴菲特而且是它的基础产品,当然现在它也有很多延伸产品。但可口可乐的实物销量——不是按美元计价的销售额,而是实物销量——前九个月增长了 4%,而全球人口增速大概只有 1% 左右。所以自 1886 年以来,可口可乐产品的人均消费量几乎每年都在上升。我是说,它们——首席执行官穆泰康(Muhtar Kent)把这家公司经营得极为出色。它是一台庞大的分销机器。在墨西哥,我记得现在的数字是可口可乐产品的人均消费量(不分男女老幼)已经达到每年 600 多份 8 盎司装,这比美国至少高出 50%——而且这个数字每年都在增长。前九个月它就在增长。它确实是个了不起的产品。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd it's the basic product. Now it's got a whole bunch of extensions, too. But Coca-Cola's physical volume, not dollar sales but physical volume, was up 4 percent in the first nine months, and that's in a world that's growing maybe at 1 percent. So their per capita usage or Coca-Cola products has gone up almost every year since 1886. I mean, they — (CEO) Muhtar Kent has done a terrific job running that company. It's a huge distribution machine. In Mexico I think the number now is up to over 600 plus eight-ounce servings per capita of Coca-Cola products man, woman and child, which is at least 50 percent higher in the United States, but that —and it grows every year. It grew in the first nine months. It's quite a product.
贝基·奎克我们还有很多您其他的投资要谈,包括美国运通、宝洁。我们很快会聊到这些,沃伦,请您再等我们一会儿,我们进一段广告。
BECKY QUICKWe still have a lot of your other investments to talk about including American Express, Procter & Gamble. We'll get to that in just a little bit, Warren, if you'll hold on with us through another commercial break.
沃伦·巴菲特我哪儿也不会去。
WARREN BUFFETTI'm not going anywhere.
贝基·奎克今天上午接下来,正如我们之前提到的,我们还会和沃伦聊更多内容。我们将讨论的话题,从“财政悬崖”到“辛普森-鲍尔斯计划”,无所不包。我们还将请到一位掌管美国最大企业集团之一的掌门人,看看在 GE 的杰夫·伊梅尔特从客户那里听到了哪些关于经济状况的消息。答案将在整点揭晓。顺便说一句,现在看一下股指期货。今早以来市场一直走高。在昨天市场大幅下跌之后,目前道琼斯指数期货上涨 42 点。短暂休息后,“财经论谈”马上回来。
BECKY QUICKStill to come this morning, as we mentioned, we have much more with Warren. We are also going to be talking about everything from the fiscal cliff to Simpson-Bowles. We're going to be adding the man who runs one of the nation's biggest conglomerates. We're going to find out what GE's Jeff Immelt is hearing from customers about the state of the economy. We will find out at the top of the hour. By the way, check out the futures right now. We have been higher throughout the morning. Right now, those Dow futures are up by 42 points after a big down day for the markets yesterday. "Squawk" will be back after a quick break.
乔·科南让我们回到在哥伦布市俄亥俄州立大学举行的 GE 资本中型企业峰会现场,贝基正在那里。与她一起的是沃伦·巴菲特和另一位特别嘉宾。嗨,贝克斯。
JOE KERNENLet's now get back to Becky at the GE Capital Middle Market Summit at Ohio State University in Columbus. She is joined by Warren Buffett and another special guest. Hey, Becks.
贝基·奎克嗨,谢谢,乔。正如你所提到的,我们现在还有另一位特别嘉宾和我们在一起。杰夫·伊梅尔特,通用电气董事长兼首席执行官。杰夫,非常感谢你今天上午加入我们。
杰夫·伊梅尔特(通用电气董事长兼首席执行官):贝基,很高兴再次见到你。你知道,沃伦今天上午一直在向我们阐述他对经济形势的看法,而 GE 可能比任何一家公司都更有优势去洞察全球正在发生的事情。我知道你在财报中稍稍提到了这一点,但市场似乎对过去一周左右从公司那里听到的消息感到意外。外面的真实情况到底如何?你觉得市场是不是反应过度了?
BECKY QUICKHey, thank you, Joe. You know, as you mentioned we have another special guest with us joining us right now. Jeff Immelt, who is the chairman and CEO of General Electric. And, Jeff, thank you very much for joining us this morning. JEFFREY IMMELT (General Electric Chairman and CEO): Becky, good to see you again. You know, Warren's been laying out for us what he sees from the economy this morning, and GE probably has one of the best vantage points of any company to see what's happening around the globe. I know you talked a little bit about it with earnings but the market seems to have been caught by surprise by what it's been hearing from companies just over the last week or so. What does it really look like out there and do you think the market's overreacting?
杰夫·伊梅尔特这么说吧,贝基,我认为总体趋势依然向好。只是我们逐渐爬出这场衰退的过程中,难免会有波动。我通常会考虑四个主要因素。美国的经济状况每一天都在稍有好转,我们可以从房地产市场看出来。我觉得,如果财政悬崖这类问题能给出更明确的走向,美国会吸引更多投资。
IMMELTYou know, Becky, I think the general trend is still positive. There's just volatility as we've kind of climbed out of this recession. I always think about four big factors. The U.S. gets a little bit better every day, we can see that around housing. You know, I think there would be more investment in the U.S. if there was more clarity around the fiscal cliff and things like that.
贝基·奎克是的。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
杰夫·伊梅尔特欧洲情况不好,但也算不上触目惊心地差。换句话说,日子会很艰难,局部还有一些亮点,但欧洲总体很难。至于中国——不能把中国看作一个单一经济体,它由多个不同的经济体构成。建筑行业我认为在放缓,但如果你在中国做的是医疗或航空生意,那依然非常强劲。而且,我刚从沙特阿拉伯、阿布扎比、阿尔及利亚和孟加拉国出差回来。这些地方都有生意可做,对吧。所以我觉得,只要肯出去闯,总能找到业务机会。因此,我认为总体趋势是向好的,只是全球范围内充满波动性。
IMMELTEurope is bad, but not shockingly bad. You know, in other words it's going to be tough, there are still pockets, but Europe's tough. China is —there's not one China, there's multiple economies in China. Construction I think is slow, but if you're in the health care or aviation business in China, it's still very robust. And I just got back from a trip to Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi, Algeria, Bangladesh. There's business in all those places, right. So I think if you're out hustling you can find business. So I think the general trend is positive, but there is volatility in the world.
贝基·奎克但照这么说,我的意思是,从你们两个的角度来看,你们似乎比市场过去几天的反应要乐观一些。
BECKY QUICKBut so from that perspective, I mean, from both you, you seem to have a more positive outlook than maybe what the market is reacting to over the last several days.
杰夫·伊梅尔特你看,我觉得投资者看到那些消息、读到那些报道之后有这样的反应,不能怪他们。像我们刚经历的这几天,以后还会有。但如果你退一步看,我想,对我们这样的公司来说,我们这个季度的内生增长率是 8%。
IMMELTLook, I think you can't blame investors for, you know, what they read and what they see. And you're going to have a couple of days like what we've had. But if you —if you step back, you know, I think, you know, for a company like ours, our organic growth was up 8 percent on the quarter.
贝基·奎克是啊。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
伊梅尔特这个数字很高了,要知道,像我们这种体量的公司,年初至今能做到 10% 的增幅,是相当不错的。超过 2000 亿美元的订单积压,也相当可观。所以我只是觉得——而且,昨晚我们还和 20 家中型企业的负责人一起吃了晚饭。
IMMELTThat is —that is high, you know, and 10 percent year-to-date on a company our size, that is pretty good. A backlog of more than $200 billion, that's pretty good. So I just —and, you know, we had dinner last night with 20 mid-market companies.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
伊梅尔特有些企业表现不佳,但很多都做得不错。但我只是觉得市场波动性很大,对吧,所以你总会遇到像昨天或者上周五那样的交易日,人们自然会感到忧虑。投资者那么看问题,谁能怪他们呢?但根据我对 140 个国家业务覆盖的观察,总体趋势依然是向好的,只不过充满波动。
IMMELTSome are doing poorly, but a lot are doing well. But, you know, I just think it's volatile, right, and so you're going to have a day like we had yesterday or a day like we had Friday and people are going to have concerns. Who can blame investors for, you know, for seeing it that way? But the general trend that I see, and we see 140 countries, is still generally positive, with volatility.
贝基·奎克伴随波动。
BECKY QUICKWith volatility.
杰夫·伊梅尔特是的。
IMMELTYeah.
沃伦·巴菲特而且,他卖的那些火车头、涡轮机什么的,售价都相当不错。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd he's getting good prices for locomotives and turbines and all these things he's selling.
杰夫·伊梅尔特沃伦,你要不要再来点儿——多买点儿?要不我今天上午就卖给你,我这就把订单簿掏出来。
IMMELTWould you like to buy —would you like to buy a few more, Warren, or I could sell you this morning. Get out my order book.
沃伦·巴菲特他从来没给过我一分钱折扣。
WARREN BUFFETTHe's never given me a cents-off sale.
贝基·奎克嘿,我知道乔也有问题要问。乔:
BECKY QUICKHey, I know Joe has a question as well. Joe:
杰夫·伊梅尔特嘿,乔。
IMMELTHey, Joe.
乔·科南杰夫,我是 CNBC 的乔·科南。我们以前曾是你最喜欢的频道之一,说不好,有阵子了吧……
JOE KERNENJeff, I'm Joe Kernen with CNBC. We used to be one of your favorites, I don't know, a while...
杰夫·伊梅尔特乔,NBC 的 49%——NBC 的 49% 仍然等于 CNBC 的 100%。所以别忘了这点。(通用电气持有 NBC 环球 49% 的股份,NBC 环球是 CNBC 的母公司。)
IMMELTJoe, 49 percent of —49 percent of NBC is still 100 percent of CNBC. So don't forget that. (GE owns 49 percent of NBCUniversal, CNBC's parent.)
乔·科南好了,好了。杰夫,你知道,再说说 GE Capital,那份报告又说它在大把赚钱了,我听说公司还在继续压缩它的规模,我猜是想把它调整到合适的大小吧,可哇,它确实在赚钱,又在向 GE 支付股息了——你会不会有种冲动想说“咱们再把它拉起来”?我的意思是,它曾经很多很多很多年都是个极为出色的业务部门,给公司贡献了那么多利润。你会不会有这种冲动?你是不是得把自己拉回来,告诉自己,好了,我们得让它保持在,你知道,不会再重蹈覆辙的程度?
JOE KERNENAll right, all right. Jeff, you know, GE Capital, the other report that's like raking in money again and what I'm told is that the company continues to shrink it to some extent I guess to right-size it if you will, but wow, it's making money, it's paying a dividend back to GE again and is there a tendency to want to say 'let's ramp it back up'? And I mean it was a great unit for years and years and years. You know, giving so much profit to the company. Is there a tendency to want to do this? Do you have to pull yourself back and say, all right, we're going to get this to where we don't what to get, you know, get to that point again?
杰夫·伊梅尔特你看,这是门很棒的生意,对吧?我觉得这次复苏跟以往复苏的不同之处就在于纪律。在金融服务领域,有些板块我们比银行做得更好。这就是其中之一。中间市场贷款,我们就是做得好。我们会继续做大我们比竞争对手做得好的业务,让这些业务持续增长。我觉得不一样的地方,乔,你知道的,我们就是不会再去做那些增量业务——或者说,以前有些不良资产我们只是因为能做就去做了,现在不会了。而且我觉得——在我们擅长的资产上,我们已经得到了绿灯。我们会继续让它们增长。你看,GE Capital 几乎在方方面面都比历史上任何时候更健康。我们的杠杆更低,流动性更好,利润率更高。总有一天,投资者会同意我的看法:这是个很有价值的生意。
IMMELTLook, it's a great business, OK? I think the difference in this recovery vs. previous recoveries is just one of discipline. There are segments in financial services that we do better than banks. This is one of them. Mid-market lending, we just do it well. We're going to continue to grow the places that we do better than our competitors and let those grow. I think what's different, Joe, is you know, we're just not going to do the incremental or the —you know, some of the distressed stuff we used to do just because we could and I think we're —you know, we've got a green light on assets we're great at. We're going to continue to grow those. And look, you know, GE Capital in almost every way is healthier today than at any time in its history. We —our leverage is lower, our liquidity is better, our margins are better. And someday, investors will agree with me that this is a valuable business.
乔·科南是的。
JOE KERNENYeah.
杰夫·伊梅尔特但是,你知道,我们会坚持下去,而且在某些领域我们会——我们会做得相当不错。
IMMELTBut, you know, we're going to stay in it and there's segments that we're going —we're going to do really well in.
乔·科南是啊。我们——我还有一个……
JOE KERNENYeah. We're —I have one more...
沃伦·巴菲特我当时——我……
WARREN BUFFETTI was —I...
乔·科南哦,抱歉,沃伦。我们——我跟沃伦都是 GE 的大股东,我——我们有一大堆问题。
JOE KERNENOh, sorry, Warren. We're —Warren and I are both large shareholders in GE and I —we have a lot of questions.
沃伦·巴菲特没错。
WARREN BUFFETTThat's right.
乔·科南对,我们有不少问题,都是关于投资组合构成的,大家作为股东可能也很关心。我看沃伦手里应该有一些。
JOE KERNENYeah, we have a lot of questions about, you know, the portfolio mix as, you know, as shareholders, maybe. I think Warren's got a little bit.
沃伦·巴菲特乔,如果我们——如果我们一起投票,乔,我认为我们就能控制这家公司了。
WARREN BUFFETTJoe, if we —if we vote together, Joe, I think we can control the company.
乔·科南我同意你,我同意你那一点。杰夫,我的另一个问题跟——我是说,我们一直在谈天然气和压裂的事。第一,我知道通用电气在能源生产和天然气的各个环节都深度参与。目前能源业务组合中,对天然气的敞口够不够,这是我的第一个问题。第二,展望未来 20 年,风能是不是因为天然气的形势而变得长期吸引力下降了?
JOE KERNENI'm with you, I'm with you on that. Jeff, my other question had to do with —I mean, we keep talking about the natural gas story and fracking. And number one, I know GE's involved in a big way in all parts of energy production and natural gas. Is the portfolio right now in energy, does it have enough exposure to natural gas, that's my first question. And number two, have you looking out 20 years, has wind become less of a —less attractive long-term because of what's happened with natural gas?
杰夫·伊梅尔特乔,我认为天然气是我们这代人的重大事件之一。它规模巨大,确实存在,能改变游戏规则。10 年前我们就决定做多天然气,无论从勘探角度还是从发电角度都是如此。我们看到这个趋势正在展开。我们对它有很好的敞口。我们认为这是一个长期且相当主导性的趋势,我们很喜欢。我们还选择做一家全方位的能源供应商。风能会找到它的位置,核能也会,煤炭也会。10 年前我们花 2 亿美元买了安然的风电业务。我告诉你,我们从中产生了数十亿美元的现金。风电的电力成本已经降到每千瓦时 7 到 8 美分。所以它会有位置。至于它是否会在美国落地,这还有待观察,但我很庆幸我们有这样的广度。不过,乔,大事件是天然气,这一点要清楚。大事件是天然气,我们极度看多天然气。
IMMELTYou know, Joe, I think natural gas is one of the big stories of our generation. It's big, it's real, it's a game-changer. We made the decision 10 years ago to be long gas, both from an exploration standpoint and from a power generation standpoint. So we see the trend unfolding. We have a great exposure to it. We think this is a long-term really dominant trend and we love it. We've also made the choice to be a broad-based energy supplier. Wind is going to have its fit, nuclear's going to have its fit, coal's going to have its fit. You know, we paid $200 million for Enron's wind business 10 years ago. Let me tell you, we've generated billions of cash. The cost of electricity of wind is down to 7 to 8 cents a kilowatt hour. So it's going to have a fit. Whether it's in the U.S. or not, you know, remains to be seen, but I'm glad we've got the breadth. But, you know, Joe the big story's gas, let's be clear. The big story's gas and we are super long gas.
贝基·奎克好,两位先生,我来问问你们关于财政悬崖的看法。我们和很多商界领袖聊过这个话题。我知道你们都对此感到担忧。事实上,杰夫,昨天《金融时报》的头条报道,就是我们之前在“Squawk”节目上讨论过的那个……
BECKY QUICKOK, gentlemen, let me ask you both about the fiscal cliff. We have talked to a lot of business leaders about it. I know it's an issue that you are both concerned about. In fact, yesterday the lead story in the Financial Times, Jeff, was a story that we talked about on "Squawk" ...
杰夫·伊梅尔特是的。
贝基·奎克:……关于 GE 实际上如何在那之前采取行动,出售债券以确保不会陷入华盛顿届时发生的任何事情之中。这个问题有多严重,你们认为需要做些什么?我想听听两位对此的看法。
杰夫·伊梅尔特:贝基,我们今天发布的研究报告,针对中型市场公司,我认为显示它们全都因为不确定性放慢了步伐。
IMMELTYeah. BECKY:...about how GE is actually looking to make some moves ahead of that, selling bonds to make sure it doesn't have to be in a position to get caught up in whatever's happening in Washington in that point. How big of a problem is it, what do you think needs to be done? And I'd like to hear from both of you on that. You know, Becky, the research that we've released today among mid-market companies I think says that they've all slowed down because of the uncertainty.
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKRight.
杰夫·伊梅尔特以 GE 为例,我们是一家高科技、长周期业务公司。无论情况如何,波音都指望我们持续投资于发动机业务,所以我们会这么做。我们会坚持下去。但这件事没有理由得不到解决。我们参与了一个组织,是“解决债务”(Fix The Debt)的成员。
IMMELTIn the case of GE we're a high-tech, long-cycle business. Boeing depends on us to keep investing in our engines no matter what, so we're going to do that. We're going to keep going. But there's no reason why this can't get resolved. You know, we're a group, we're a member of a group called Fix The Debt.
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKRight.
杰夫·伊梅尔特有将近 100 位 CEO 参与其中。它基本上是在支持辛普森-鲍尔斯方案。我认为所有人都相信,我们最终的方案会和辛普森-鲍尔斯方案相差不超过 10%。那就把它做成吧。人们说商业领袖应该更大声地发声。你看,我们就在发声。
IMMELTThere's almost 100 CEOs that are parts of that. It basically endorses Simpson-Bowles. I think everybody believes that we're going to be plus or minus 10 percent of Simpson-Bowles. Let's get it done. You know, people say business leaders should be more vocal. Look, we're vocal.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm.
杰夫·伊梅尔特这事——这事完全是种干扰,而且是种重要的干扰,出现在国家最不需要它的时候。所以我只是觉得,你知道,每个人都在做规划。每家公司都在围绕着辛普森-鲍尔斯方案上下浮动 10% 的范围做规划。我不理解为什么,而且你们明天还会请(霍尼韦尔 CEO)戴夫·科特来。
IMMELTYou know, this is a —this is a complete distraction at a time —an important distraction at a time when the country doesn't need it. So I just think, you know, everybody is planning. Every business is planning for something that's plus or minus 10 percent of Simpson-Bowles. I don't get it, and you're going to have (Honeywell CEO) Dave Cote on tomorrow.
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKRight.
杰夫·伊梅尔特他一直在这个问题上发挥带头作用。他在商界是个备受尊敬的人。这个联盟里都是在国内经营过大公司的人。我们——我们就是说,必须把这事做成。
IMMELTHe's been the leader of this. You know, he's a very respected guy in the business community. It is filled with everybody who's run big companies in the country. We are —we are saying let's get this done.
贝基·奎克你们觉得自己在说,华盛顿那边没人听?那……
BECKY QUICKYou guys feel like you're talking and Washington's not listening? What...
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,华盛顿那边因为选举的事,暂时搁置了。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, Washington's on hold because of the election.
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKRight.
沃伦·巴菲特但他们不仅会听到人们在谈论,还会听到人们在喊叫。商界会搞一场进军华盛顿式的活动,或者类似的东西。我是说,这是人为造成的。每个人都知道总体解决方案应该是什么,你可以争论收入应该占 GDP 的 19% 还是 18.5%,或者支出应该占 21% 还是 21.5%——但每个人基本上都知道解决方案是什么。鲍尔斯-辛普森方案——辛普森-鲍尔斯方案也在其中。我们就别用鲍尔斯-辛普森这个缩写了。里夫林-多梅尼奇方案也一样,我是说,有成百上千的人都能设计出合理的方案,而任何一个能让迪克·德宾(伊利诺伊州民主党参议员)和汤姆·科伯恩(俄克拉荷马州共和党参议员)都签字的方案,你知道,这反映了辛普森和鲍尔斯这两位了不起的人的大量谈判和努力。这件事会办成的,美国人民不会容忍它办不成。而且我——顺便说一句,我认为它最终会以某种形式办成——我不是说精确照搬辛普森-鲍尔斯方案,而是某种实质性的……
WARREN BUFFETTBut they'll not only hear people talking, they'll hear people shouting. There'll be a march on Washington by business if something akin to it. I mean, it's man-made. Everybody knows what the general solution should be and you can argue about whether revenue should be 19 or 18 1/2 percent of GDP or whether expenses should be 21 or 21 1/2 or —but everybody knows basically what the solution is. And Bowles-Simpson fits in there —Simpson-Bowles. We're going to stay away from that acronym of Bowles-Simpson. The Rivlin-Domenici, I mean, there are hundreds of people that could —that you know that could design a sensible plan, and any plan that gets Dick Durbin (Democratic Senator from Illinois) and Tom Coburn (Republican Senator from Oklahoma) to sign on, you know, that reflects a lot of negotiation and effort by two terrific people in Simpson and Bowles. It's going to get done and the American people won't stand for it not getting done. And I —incidentally, I think it'll get done with —I don't mean Simpson-Bowles precisely, but something materially...
贝基·奎克某种……
沃伦·巴菲特:……无论哪个人当选,这件事都会以接近辛普森-鲍尔斯方案的方式办成。我的意思是,很多美国人可能根本不明白那里面有什么内容。你们说的基本就是一个会降低税率、剔除大量我们作为政策植入的漏洞或者我们刻意保留的东西的方案。
BECKY QUICKSome sort of a... BUFFETT:...close to it will get done by either person selected. And by that I mean, a lot of Americans probably don't even understand what's in it. You're basically talking about a plan that will lower tax rates, strip out a lot of the loopholes or things that we've built in as policy and decided that we want.
杰夫·伊梅尔特贝基,十年四万亿美元。这大概是十四到十五亿的营收。那是 2.5,2.6……
IMMELTFour trillion dollars over 10 years, Becky. It's about a billion four or five of revenue. It's 2 1/2, 2.6...
沃伦·巴菲特是。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah.
贝基·奎克减税的事。
杰夫·伊梅尔特:……你知道,降低税率,拓宽税基,你知道,全球体系之类的东西。你知道,我们不会喜欢——我保证,我们不会全盘接受。
BECKY QUICKOf cuts. IMMELT:...you know, lower the tax rate, broaden the base, you know, global system, stuff like that. You know, we're not going to like —you know, I guarantee we're not going to like all of it.
沃伦·巴菲特没有。
WARREN BUFFETTNo.
贝基·奎克对。就是这样……
BECKY QUICKRight. And that's...
杰夫·伊梅尔特跟你说吧,我向你打包票。
贝基·奎克:……就这样。每个人都会在里面找到自己不喜欢的东西。
IMMELTYou know, so I guarantee you. BECKY:...just it. Everybody's going to have something they don't like in it.
沃伦·巴菲特而且你还得签字确认,对吧?
WARREN BUFFETTAnd you got to deal with signing on to it, too, right?
杰夫·伊梅尔特但是你看,沃伦,我认为美国企业最美妙的地方就在于我们调整起来有多灵活、多快。它现在就是地球上最有韧性的经济体系。我全都见识过。大大小小的企业都会琢磨明白,“好,这是我可以做的行业。我能——我能做这个,不能做那个,那就干吧。”
IMMELTBut you know, you know, Warren, I think the beautiful thing about American business is how flexible and how fast we adjust, you know. It just is today the most resilient economic system on earth. And I've seen them all. And business people small and large are going to figure out, 'OK, this is a business I can be in. I can —I can do this, I can't do that, let's go.'
贝基·奎克但你想要一个计划,你想知道它是什么。
BECKY QUICKBut you want a plan, you want to know what it is.
杰夫·伊梅尔特你看,这事关国家、事关我们所有人,利害关系实在太大了。我不明白为什么这么重要的事我们就做不成。你知道,换句话说,我理解任何事情都有两种意见,我理解有共和党和民主党。我只是觉得,我在 GE 内部常说,紧张的笑不是什么好策略,你明白吗?就好像“哦,天哪,这事确实重要,我希望别出坏事。”这是个糟糕的策略,所以我觉得——我们就是需要……
IMMELTLook, it's just the stakes are so gosh darn high for the country and for all of us. I don't get why we can't do something this important. You know, in other words, you know, I understand there's two opinions on everything, I understand there's Republicans and Democrats. I just think, you know, what I say inside GE is nervous laughter is a bad strategy, you know? It's kind of like 'oh, my, this is really important, I hope something bad doesn't happen.' That's a bad strategy, you know, so I think it's —we just need...
沃伦·巴菲特我们伯克希尔……(听不清)……这件事。
WARREN BUFFETTWe're...(unintelligible)...about it at Berkshire.
贝基·奎克你知道,我知道安德鲁也有问题要问。安德鲁……
BECKY QUICKYou know, I know Andrew has a question, too. Andrew ...
安德鲁·罗斯·索金嘿,杰夫,我很好奇关于辛普森-鲍尔斯计划的问题,你有没有测算过通用电气的实际税率最终会是多少,以及它会对公司业务产生什么影响?
ANDREW ROSS SORKINHey, Jeff, I'm curious on the issue of Simpson-Bowles, have you scored what GE's effective tax rate would ultimately be and how it would impact the business?
杰夫·伊梅尔特你知道,安德鲁,我的直觉是税率很可能会上涨,我觉得我们对此已经有所准备。但你知道,如果能有一个属地税收制度,并且在现金处理上有灵活性,我认为这比任何事都重要。我只是觉得——而且再说一遍,我们不是要求——我们要求的是和我们所有全球竞争对手一样的制度。西门子、东芝,我们每一个全球竞争对手都生活在属地税收制度下。我们要求的只是有机会和这些家伙在公平的竞争环境中较量。你知道,我总说,安德鲁,“不管你喜欢我们还是讨厌我们,我们在所有涉足的行业里基本上是最后一家美国公司了。”你知道,我们在每件事上都要和全球的对手竞争。只要给我们和他们一样的制度就行了。
IMMELTYou know, my hunch, Andrew, is that the tax rate goes up probably and I think we're kind of ready for that. But, you know, the notion that you can have a territorial system and have flexibility on cash, I think that's a positive that supersedes everything else. I just think that's —you know, and again, we're not asking for —we're asking for the same system that every one of our global competitors has. Siemens, Toshiba, every one of our global competitors lives in a territorial system. All we're asking is for the chance to compete on a —on a level playing field against those guys. I —you know what I always say, Andrew, is 'look, like us or hate us we're kind of the last American company standing in all the industries we're in.' You know, we compete against global guys in everything we do. Just give us the same system that they've got.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金对。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINRight.
杰夫·伊梅尔特我觉得这个要求并不过分。
IMMELTAnd I don't think that's too much to ask for.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金嘿,杰夫,趁你还在,我们抓紧聊两句。过去这一小时里,我们和沃伦聊了伯南克、QE3 及其影响。你——你们当时能以相当不错的价格买到一些债券。你担心吗?沃伦似乎有点暗示,他对于我们目前真实的处境有些担忧。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINHey, Jeff, real quick while we have you, we talked to Warren in the last hour about Bernanke and QE3 and the impact. Your —you were able to see some bonds at some pretty great prices. Are you worried? Warren seemed to suggest that he was a little bit about where we really are.
杰夫·伊梅尔特你知道,再说一遍,我觉得读了伯南克主席的讲话后,我最大的感受是他在行动上保持了前后一致——他说过在经济好转前会维持低资金成本,而他也确实说到做到。所以不管你是喜欢他还是讨厌他,QE1、QE2、QE3,我认为他是唯一一个让我们目前的处境有了某种确定性的人。那么,企业需要——利率已经是零了,难道还需要更低的利率才能借钱吗?我不这么认为。你知道,换句话说,这未必是我们今天需要解决的问题,对吧?所以我觉得还有比我更聪明的人能想清楚这事。但我想,如果你把这点放在一边,鉴于华盛顿的僵局——不是——以及欧洲和其他地方正在发生的事情,从 2008 年到现在,能有一个大体上保持一致的人在掌权,这不算一件坏事。
IMMELTYou know, again, I think as much as anything else as I read what Chairman Bernanke has said there's a sense of consistency in his actions where he has said he's going to keep the cost of money low until the economy gets better and he's been consistent to his word. So if you love him or hate, you know, QE1, QE2, QE3, I think he's been the one person that has led to some consistency around where we are. Now, did business need —when interest rates are zero do you need interest rates lower to borrow money? I don't think so. You know, in other words this is not necessarily the problem we have to solve today, you know? And so I think there's people smarter than I am that can figure that out. But I think if you take that aside and given the gridlock in Washington, it ain't —and what's going on in Europe and other places, it's not bad to have had one person in power who's been more or less consistent from 2008 to today.
贝基·奎克是的。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
杰夫·伊梅尔特我认为至少这一点上,我们得给他记上一功。
IMMELTAnd I think we at least have to give him credit for that.
贝基·奎克完全同意。两位先生,抓紧问一句,关于财政悬崖,你们各自给个概率——我们明年 1 月会不会掉下这个财政悬崖,哪怕就掉下去一两天或者一阵子?你们觉得,是以一种糟糕的方式掉下去的可能性大,还是找到某种解决方案的可能性大?
BECKY QUICKAbsolutely. Gentlemen, very quickly, when it comes to the fiscal cliff, would you each put odds on whether you think we go over this fiscal cliff in January and go over maybe a day or two or something? What are the odds you think we go over in a bad way vs. we find some sort of a solution?
沃伦·巴菲特我会说,我们短期内掉下悬崖的可能性相当大。但,你知道,谁知道呢?这——这得看哪位老兄当选总统,还得看众议院的构成——但他们会——事情总会解决的,贝基,而且……
WARREN BUFFETTI would say there's a pretty fair chance we go over for a short period of time. But, you know, who knows? It'll —it depends on which fellow's elected president and it depends on the composition of the House and —but they will —it's going to get done, Becky, and...
贝基·奎克快说。巴菲特:……你知道,他们拿出那个显而易见的答案之前,想在沙坑里玩多久——这个答案他们今天就能拿出来,这完全取决于众议院领袖、参议院领袖和总统的个性。我不认为这事会拖很久。不过你会遇到……
BECKY QUICKQuickly. BUFFETT:...how much —you know, how long they want to be in the sandbox before they come up with answer that's obvious, they can come up with today, that just depends on the personalities of leaders of the House and leaders of the Senate and the president. I don't think it will go on a long time. But you get a...
杰夫·伊梅尔特但如果 8 月——你知道,贝基,如果没有发生 2011 年 8 月那件事……
IMMELTBut if August —you know, Becky, if August of 2011...
贝基·奎克嗯。杰夫·伊梅尔特:……我会说概率是零,你知道,就是那次——我们债务违约并被下调信用评级的事。所以,我认为企业必须做好准备,这种事可能会发生。但我们要说清楚,这事本不该发生。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm. IMMELT:...hadn't happened I would say the odds were zero, you know, when we —when we defaulted and lost the credit rating. So I think companies have to be prepared that it might happen. But let's be clear, it shouldn't.
沃伦·巴菲特本不该发生。
WARREN BUFFETTIt shouldn't.
杰夫·伊梅尔特你知道,咱们把话说清楚。这种事要是真的发生了,那就是治理的失败,是我们不应该预期会发生的事。
IMMELTYou know, let's be really clear. If it does happen, that's a failure of governance and that's something that we shouldn't expect.
贝基·奎克是啊,要是真发生了,那他们该感到丢人。两位先生,非常感谢你们。沃伦会继续跟我们在一起。杰夫,我知道你得去参加峰会了。
BECKY QUICKYeah, and shame on them if it does happen. Gentlemen, thank you both very much. Warren's going to be sticking with us. Jeff, I know you have to get to the summit here.
杰夫·伊梅尔特我们得——我们得……
IMMELTWe got —we got...
贝基·奎克嘉宾很多。
BECKY QUICKA lot of guests.
杰夫·伊梅尔特我得去干点销售的活儿——我得去干点销售的活儿了,所以……
IMMELTI got to do some selling —I've got to do some selling, so...
沃伦·巴菲特好,好,我这人销售不行,所以还是留下来吧。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, yeah, I'm a lousy salesman so I'll stay.
贝基·奎克非常感谢您的时间。
BECKY QUICKWe appreciate your time very much.
杰夫·伊梅尔特很好,谢谢。
IMMELTGreat. Thanks.
贝基·奎克稍后回来,正如我们提到的,本期节目还将继续播出沃伦·巴菲特的更多内容。不过接下来,我们还要聊聊今早一些异动的股票。开盘前,我们会告诉你哪些公司值得关注——今早财报很多。另外,还有个节目小提示:千万别错过 CNBC 对高盛董事长兼首席执行官劳埃德·布兰克费恩的独家专访,播出时间是今天东部时间上午 11 点,在《街头财经》节目。我们插播一小段广告后马上回来。
BECKY QUICKWhen we come back, as we mentioned, we will have more from Warren Buffett throughout the show. Up next, though, we're also going to be talking about some stocks on the move this morning. We'll tell you which companies to watch ahead of the opening bell. A lot of earnings out there this morning. Also, a very quick programming note for you. Don't miss a CNBC exclusive interview with Goldman Sachs chairman and CEO Lloyd Blankfein. That is today 11 AM Eastern, "Squawk On The Street." We'll be back after a very quick break.
乔·科南今天早上我们还要关注另一只股票,沃伦·巴菲特早些时候告诉我们,他本周一直在买入富国银行。那番言论之后,这只股票已经出现了上涨。
JOE KERNENAnd another stock we're going to be watching this morning, Warren Buffett telling us earlier that he's been buying Wells Fargo this week. And that stock has turned up since those comments.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金好。接下来,我们还有不少话题要跟沃伦·巴菲特聊。我们马上回到贝基和沃伦那里。(插播通知)
ANDREW ROSS SORKINOK. Coming up, we have a lot more ground to cover with Warren Buffett. We're going to get back to Becky and Warren in just a moment. (Announcements)
播音员欢迎回到这次与伯克希尔·哈撒韦董事长兼首席执行官沃伦·巴菲特的特别一对一专访。下面有请贝基·奎克。
ANNOUNCERWelcome back to this special one-on-one interview with Warren Buffett, chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway. Here now, Becky Quick.
贝基·奎克欢迎回来,各位。我们一整个上午都在和沃伦·巴菲特交谈。沃伦,我们还没聊到的其中一件事是你另一个重仓股。我想宝洁 可能是你的……?
BECKY QUICKWelcome back, everybody. We've been speaking with Warren Buffett all morning long. And, Warren, one of the things we haven't talked about yet is another one of your major holdings. I think Procter & Gamble is maybe your ?
沃伦·巴菲特有这个可能。
WARREN BUFFETTIt could be.
贝基·奎克嗯,昨天《华尔街日报》有篇报道,关注的是首席执行官鲍勃·麦克唐纳。过去,投资者比尔·阿克曼投入了不少资金,他多次质疑鲍勃·麦克唐纳是否胜任这份工作。昨天,《华尔街日报》又补充说,有一位前经理给董事会发了一封信,称很多经理都同意他对鲍勃·麦克唐纳领导力的一些担忧。那么,作为宝洁的投资者,你持什么立场?你怎么看鲍勃·麦克唐纳?
BECKY QUICKWell, there was a story yesterday in The Wall Street Journal that took a look at Bob McDonald, the CEO. There had been a lot of questions in the past raised by Bill Ackman, an investor who's put quite a bit of money into it about whether or not Bob McDonald's up to the job. Yesterday, the Journal added that there was a letter sent to the board of directors that came from a former manager who said a lot of managers agreed with him about some of his concerns about Bob McDonald's leadership. So where do you stand as an investor in Procter & Gamble and what do you think of Bob McDonald?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我们过去持有很多的股票,但在 A.G. 拉弗利时期我们卖掉了一些,那跟估值有关。坦率说,宝洁过去几年的盈利表现一直让人失望。麦克唐纳是个非常出色的人。公司内部发生了什么、犯了什么错、计划是什么,我真的不太清楚——我无法回答这些问题。但你必须承认,宝洁现在就像在等陪审团裁决,因为它们的盈利让人失望,我们会看看后续发展。我知道董事会正积极寻求一个他们认为能推动盈利增长的战略。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, we've owned more shares in the past, but we sold some shares under A.G. Lafley, we sold some shares, that's related to valuation. And frankly, the earnings on Procter & Gamble have been disappointing now for a few years. McDonald's a terrific human being. What goes inside the place, what mistakes have been made, what the plans are, I'm really not —I don't know the answers on that. But you've got to say that Procter & Gamble was, you know, the jury's out on that now because they have disappointed in terms of earnings and we'll see what happens. I know that the board is actively engaged in trying to come up with a strategy that they think makes sense to take the earnings forward.
贝基·奎克过去您说过,卖出一只股票,是因为找到了更好的投资机会、更好的资金去处。您卖出宝洁的股票是为了……还是它只是……
BECKY QUICKIn the past, you've said that when you sell a stock, it's because you find something else that is a better investment, a better place to put your money. Did you sell that stock to —for any other particular purchase or was it just...
沃伦·巴菲特不是。我们卖了宝洁,也卖了卡夫,还卖了一些非常非常好的公司。而这些钱我们拿去了,在过去 12 个月里买了 110 到 120 亿美元的 IBM。我们还买入了更多富国银行,又买了 10 亿美元的。大约此前一阵子,我们还加仓了沃尔玛,另外投入了 7 到 8 亿。此外,我还给了这两位新基金经理一些钱去管理。所以,你会看到他们选了不少股票。钱在流动。流动得非常慢,但确实在流动。
<<<END P 12>>>
WARREN BUFFETTNo. We sold that, we've sold Kraft, we've sold some companies that are very, very good companies. And we've used that money, we've used it to buy, what, 11 or $12 billion worth of IBM in the last 12 months. We've bought —we bought more Wells, another billion dollars' worth of that. And then we bought some more Wal-Mart a while back, another 7 or 800 million of that. And then additionally, I've given some money to these two new managers to run, too. So you'll see a lot of stocks that they've selected. So the money moves around. It moves around pretty slowly, but it moves around.
贝基·奎克托德和特德,我们可能等会儿再聊他们。您说的两位新经理。
BECKY QUICKTodd and Ted, we maybe talk more about them in just a little bit. Those are the two managers that you're just referring to.
沃伦·巴菲特对。我一直在给他们更多资金。
WARREN BUFFETTRight. And I'm giving them more money as we go along.
贝基·奎克好。我们一会儿再聊这个。待会儿我们继续和巴菲特先生聊。别走开,《财经快报》马上回来。
BECKY QUICKOK. We'll talk more about that in just a moment. When we come back, we'll have more from Mr. Buffett. Stick around, "Squawk" will be right back.
乔·科南我们现在回到贝基和沃伦·巴菲特。我能——我可以——你介意吗?
JOE KERNENLet's now get back to Becky and Warren Buffett. Can you —can I —do you mind?
贝基·奎克不行。
BECKY QUICKNo.
乔·科南我能问他……
JOE KERNENCan I ask him...
贝基·奎克不行,不行,不行。
BECKY QUICKNo, no, no.
乔·科南你确定?
JOE KERNENAre you sure?
贝基·奎克你得等等。对。你可以等。稍等一会儿就好。
BECKY QUICKYou have to wait. Yes. You can wait. You can come in in just a moment.
乔·科南哦,好吧。听你的。
JOE KERNENOh, OK. You're good.
贝基·奎克我先问他一个问题,然后轮到你。
BECKY QUICKI have one question I want to ask him and then you.
乔·科南好。
JOE KERNENOK.
贝基·奎克我先问他一个问题,我知道你也想加入进来,所以再等我一小会儿。
BECKY QUICKI have one question I want to ask him and I know that you're going to want to play in this, so stay with me for one moment.
乔·科南好,行。
JOE KERNENOK. All right.
贝基·奎克不过,沃伦,我们给你的时间已经够长了。您是奥巴马总统的坚定支持者。
BECKY QUICKBut Warren, I think we've let you go for long enough. You are a big supporter of President Obama.
沃伦·巴菲特没错。
WARREN BUFFETTCorrect.
贝基·奎克大选马上就要来了。
BECKY QUICKWe have an election coming up.
沃伦·巴菲特没错。
WARREN BUFFETTCorrect.
贝基·奎克民调在过去一个月左右发生了变化,大概是从第一场辩论开始的。您觉得目前来看结果会怎样?
BECKY QUICKThings have changed in the polls over the last month or so, probably since the first debate. What do you think's going to happen at this point?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我并不掌握任何别人没有的内幕信息。我——你知道,我——如果你去上 InTrade 之类的网站,他们给出的概率跟我判断的差不多。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, I have no insight that anybody else doesn't have. I —you know, I —if you go to InTrade or something, I —their odds would be about the same as my odds.
贝基·奎克今天早上 InTrade 的赔率不一样。乔刚指出来了。
BECKY QUICKInTrade's odds are different this morning. Joe was just pointing them out a little bit.
沃伦·巴菲特如果它们——嗯……
WARREN BUFFETTIf they —well...
贝基·奎克今天早上是 54% 吗,乔?
BECKY QUICKWhat are they this morning, Joe, 54 percent?
乔·科南现在 55%。55 多一点。
JOE KERNENFifty-five now. Fifty-five and change.
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
沃伦·巴菲特那是有变动。相当明显的变动,而且我觉得还在积极变动……
WARREN BUFFETTThat's movement. That's a fair amount of movement and I think there's active movement...
乔·科南现在 56%。
巴菲特:……可能取决于谁在俄亥俄州的地面战做得更好。
JOE KERNENNow 56. BUFFETT:...and it may come down to who has the better ground game right here in Ohio.
贝基·奎克没错。不过您关注选举很多年了。您觉得发生了什么?我是说……
BECKY QUICKRight. You've been watching elections a long time, though. What do you think happened? I mean...
沃伦·巴菲特哦,我觉得第一次辩论彻底改变了局面。我是说,人们常说,你永远没有第二次机会来制造第一印象。但罗姆尼有了第二次机会来制造第一印象。之前他被描绘成某种形象。通过共和党辩论、大量广告,我是说,在第一次辩论中,6900 万人看到了一个不同的罗姆尼……
WARREN BUFFETTOh, I think the first debate changed things dramatically. I mean, they say in life you never get a first chance —a second chance to make a first impression. Romney got a second chance to make a first impression. And he had been portrayed a certain way. Through the Republican debates, through a lot of advertising, I mean, and he —in the first debate, 69 million people saw a different Romney...
贝基·奎克嗯哼。
巴菲特:……跟他们从之前的共和党辩论以及广告中多少预料到的不一样。所以。他真的得到了一个机会——那影响巨大。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm. BUFFETT:...than they had more or less expected from the earlier Republican debates, as well as the advertising, so. He really got a chance to —it was huge.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金您看到了一个不同的——您看到了一个不同的罗姆尼吗?
ANDREW ROSS SORKINDid you see a different —did you see a different Romney?
贝基·奎克嗯哼。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金沃伦,您觉得您看到了一个……
ANDREW ROSS SORKINWarren, did you —did you feel that you saw a...
贝基·奎克他在问——您在那场首场辩论中是否看到了一个不同的罗姆尼?
BECKY QUICKHe's asking if —did you see a different Romney in that —in that first debate?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我看到了——对。我看到他表现不一样了,对。我是说,他没那么机械了。你知道,我的意思是,他很有进取心,但并不粗鲁。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, I saw —yeah. I saw him behave differently, yeah. I mean, he was less robotic. You know, I mean, he was —he was aggressive without being rude.
贝基·奎克嗯哼。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm.
沃伦·巴菲特而奥巴马那天晚上不在状态。毫无疑问,那是竞选中的一个巨大因素。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd Obama was down that night. I mean, there's no question about it. I mean, that was a —that was a huge factor in the campaign.
贝基·奎克您知道,您一直是总统的坚定支持者。您觉得谁当选、以及基于谁当选对明年的商业意味着什么,这些事情重要吗?
BECKY QUICKYou know, you've been a huge supporter of the president. Do you think it matters who gets elected and what it means just for business next year based on who gets elected?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我确实认为,无论两位候选人谁当选总统,未来四年美国商业都会大幅好转。在社会政策方面,我想如果我是关心生育权利的妇女,这方面的差异可能非常明显。我一直关注最高法院大法官的任命,这方面也可能有显著差异。但在经济方面,我认为无论谁当选,经济都会好转。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, I do think that under either of the two candidates, either one that becomes president, American business is going to get a lot better over the next four years. I think that in terms of social policies, I think if I were a woman concerned about reproductive rights, I think there could be a very distinct difference. I was concerned about Supreme Court appointments. I think there could be a distinct difference. But in terms of the economy, I think the economy will get better under either one of them.
贝基·奎克乔,请说,抱歉。
BECKY QUICKJoe, go ahead, I'm sorry.
乔·科南我想再聊一会儿政治,沃伦。
JOE KERNENI want to stick with politics a little bit, Warren.
贝基·奎克对。
BECKY QUICKYeah.
乔·科南你总是让我惊讶。我从不知道你会怎么回答这个问题。我想聊聊纽约本地的一位政客,我说的是迈克·布隆伯格,每位民主党人最喜欢的共和党人。假设这个做法流行起来,全国范围内禁止任何装在超过 16 盎司容器中的含糖可口可乐。您觉得这对肥胖问题而言有意义吗?您是可乐的大股东。然后我想到,你知道,冰雪皇后(Dairy Queen),冰淇淋对你也不好。我觉得这迟早会导致肥胖。你在冰雪皇后卖的那些劣质热狗也一样。您觉得这么做有道理吗?我是说,我知道你……
JOE KERNENAnd you always surprise me. I never know how you're going to answer this. I want to talk about a local politician here in New York, and I'm talking about Mike Bloomberg, every Democrat's favorite Republican. Let's say that this caught on and that it was a nationwide ban on any Coca-Cola sold in a container which —that had sugar —any Coca-Cola sold over 16 ounces. Does that make sense to you, that to do that for the obesity problem? You're a big Coke shareholder. And then I think about, you know, Dairy Queen, and you know, ice cream's not good for you, either. And I figure there must be a way that's heading to obesity. And neither are those crummy hot dogs you sell in your Dairy Queens, but do you see this as something that makes sense to you? I mean, I know you...
沃伦·巴菲特但首先……
WARREN BUFFETTBut first...
乔·科南对,请讲。
JOE KERNENYeah, go ahead.
沃伦·巴菲特首先,我得说冰雪皇后 9 月份的同店销售额增长了 5.8%。所以,我们比麦当劳好不少。
WARREN BUFFETTFirst of all, I've got to say Dairy Queen sales were up 5.8 percent in September, same store. So that —we did quite a bit better than McDonald's.
乔·科南但你明白——你明白我想说什么吧?
JOE KERNENBut do you see —do you see where I'm going with this?
沃伦·巴菲特但我——还有冰淇淋,我,你知道,我靠冰淇淋活得很好。我有时拿它当早餐,现在我 82 岁了,所以,你知道,我这状态怎么样,就得由你来判断了。
WARREN BUFFETTBut I —and ice cream, I, you know, I thrive on ice cream. I eat it for breakfast sometimes and I'm 82, so you'll have to judge, you know, how I'm doing at this point.
乔·科南有人可能看不惯——你这么大年纪还这么干,沃伦。
JOE KERNENSomebody might not like —somebody might not like you doing that at your age, Warren.
沃伦·巴菲特对。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah.
乔·科南增加胆固醇,你可能会因此被征税,因为我们并不觉得你早餐吃冰淇淋是个好主意。可以吗?
JOE KERNENAdding to cholesterol and you might get taxed on it because we don't really think it's a good idea for you to have ice cream for breakfast. Is that OK?
沃伦·巴菲特对。嗯,我们来看看 16 盎司的可乐。16 盎司的可乐有 200 卡路里。我觉得有大量饮品和食物含有 200 卡路里或更多,而那种认为你可以喝 200 卡路里的东西,却不能喝 210 或 220 卡路里的想法,似乎有点愚蠢。你知道,说到底,我这些年选择了我喜欢吃的食物,我觉得这让我保持了相当健康。如果我一直吃西兰花和菠菜,我是说,我早就没了。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah. Well, let's look at the 16 ounces of Coke. Sixteen ounces of Coke has 200 calories in it. And I would say that there's an awful lot of servings and an awful lot of things that have 200 calories or more and the idea that you should say that you can drink 200 calories of something but not 210 or 220 seems to be kind of silly. You know, in the end, I've elected the foods to eat over the years that I like to eat and I think it's kept me quite healthy. And I think if I'd been on broccoli and spinach, I mean, I would've been gone a long time ago.
乔·科南我的意思是,这对我来说简直就是……
JOE KERNENI mean, to me it's just...
沃伦·巴菲特但我喝——我大概喝——我喝……
WARREN BUFFETTBut I drink —I drink about —I drink...
乔·科南我觉得——你为什么不告诉我这很荒谬,而且布隆伯格脑子有问题?你为什么不说呢?
JOE KERNENI think it's —why don't you tell me it's preposterous and Bloomberg has got a screw loose. Why don't you say that?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,因为你已经替我说了。不过你知道,我每天大约喝……
WARREN BUFFETTWell, because you've said it for me. But you know, I drink about...
乔·科南好吧。但你不会反对我的看法。刚才那事——你知道吗,西奈山医院来过一些医生,他们跟我说,嘿,哦,香烟这玩意儿。你不想——你不想——就像香烟一样,你不想对香烟征税?我们不能征税——然后我就说,嗯,红肉在 20 年前据说是所有心脏病的罪魁祸首。结果,哎呀,那可能根本不是什么终极答案。所以他们什么时候才决定……
JOE KERNENAll right. But you wouldn't disagree with me. It did just —and then, you know, I've had people in from Mount Sinai, doctors that tell me, hey, oh, well, cigarettes. You don't want to —you don't —want —it's like cigarettes, you don't want to tax cigarettes? We can't tax —and I go, well, red meat 20 years ago was supposedly the cause of all heart disease. And oops, that may not have been the end all, be all. So when did they decide...
沃伦·巴菲特我吃很多红肉。
WARREN BUFFETTI eat lots of red meat.
乔·科南不,红肉不是。
JOE KERNENNo, it's not.
沃伦·巴菲特我吃很多红肉,乔。
WARREN BUFFETTI eat lots of red meat, Joe.
乔·科南我……
JOE KERNENI...
沃伦·巴菲特而且我每天喝大约 60 盎司,大概五罐 12 盎司的樱桃可乐。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd I drink about 60 ounces, about five 12-ounce cans of Cherry Coke a day.
乔·科南嚯。
JOE KERNENWhew.
沃伦·巴菲特那,你知道,那是 750 大卡的热量。但这是我主动选的,我每天大概会消耗 2700 大卡。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd that, you know, that's 750 calories. But I elect to get, you know, I'm going —I'm going to burn up 2700 calories or so a day.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金那是您的权利,沃伦。没错。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINIt's your prerogative there, Warren. Right.
沃伦·巴菲特而这 750 大卡就是樱桃可乐。我的医生在给我做检查时让我多喝水。我就说,那樱桃可乐怎么样?他说没问题。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd 750 of them are going to be Cherry Coke. And my doctor told me during those things is drink more —drink more liquids. And I said, you know, I said, how about Cherry Coke? He said it's fine.
乔·科南简直是疯了。太疯狂了。得有人跟这家伙说清楚,尽管他依然是——他依然是每个民主党人——或者说每个共和党人最喜欢的民主党人。我不——安德鲁,天呐,要是他竞选总统,你肯定得冲到台上去。
JOE KERNENIt's insanity. It's insanity. And someone needs to tell this guy that, although he's still —he's still going to be every Democrat —or every Republican's favorite Democrat. I don't —Andrew, God, if he ran for president, you'd be out there.
沃伦·巴菲特是啊。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah.
乔·科南你家草坪上得插上 40 块牌子,“布隆伯格竞选总统”。要是你有——要是你有一块草坪的话。
JOE KERNENYou'd have 40 signs in your yard, Bloomberg for president. If you had a —if you had a yard.
沃伦·巴菲特我想——我得说,布隆伯格市长做了很多了不起的事。我在慈善领域看到过他这么做,方方面面都是。
WARREN BUFFETTI think —I've got to say, Mayor Bloomberg has done a lot of terrific things. I've seen him do it in charity, all kinds of things.
乔·科南这下全毁了。
JOE KERNENWell, this ruins it.
沃伦·巴菲特但我——那篇文章登出来后不久,我在太阳谷还跟他吃过一顿饭。甜点端上来的时候,那份甜点热量超过 200 卡路里。我怎么也想不明白,他吃的那份 250 到 300 卡路里的甜点,跟我喝的那 20 盎司可乐,到底有什么区别。
WARREN BUFFETTBut I —but I also had dinner with him in Sun Valley right after this came out and when they brought out the dessert, there was more than 200 calories in this dessert. And I was unable to determine why those 250 or 300 calories of dessert he was eating was different than my 20 ounces of Coke.
乔·科南没错。照我说的做,别照我做的做。
JOE KERNENRight. Do what I say, not what I do.
贝基·奎克你问过他这件事吗?
BECKY QUICKDid you ask him about that?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我当时确实让人拿了一大瓶可乐上来。那是我能在太阳谷找到的最大一瓶。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, I actually had a great big bottle of Coke brought out. It was the biggest bottle I could find in Sun Valley.
贝基·奎克你真这么做了?
BECKY QUICKYou really did?
沃伦·巴菲特是的,千真万确。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, absolutely.
贝基·奎克那他喝了吗?
BECKY QUICKAnd did he drink from it?
沃伦·巴菲特我喝过了。我才不打算给他留一口。
WARREN BUFFETTI drank from it. I wasn't going to let him have any.
贝基·奎克回到全国大选的话题,您指出关键可能就在于俄亥俄州这里的基层争夺……
BECKY QUICKGetting back to the national election, you point out that it could be the ground game right here in Ohio...
沃伦·巴菲特当然可以。
贝基·奎克:……这点至关重要。我知道你没有内幕消息,但你观察选举已经很久了。你父亲当过国会议员。当然。
WARREN BUFFETTSure. BECKY:...that makes all the difference. And I know you don't have inside information, but you've been watching elections for a long time. Your father was a congressman. Sure.
贝基·奎克你以前看这些比赛看得很快。你觉得最终归结为什么?这意味着什么?
BECKY QUICKYou used to watch those races very quickly. What do you think it actually comes down to, what it means?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我认为——你知道,在俄亥俄州,最终结果很可能取决于组织工作。现在俄亥俄州已经有很多人提前投票了。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, I think in —you know, in Ohio it may very well come down to organization. Now there's been a lot of early voting in Ohio.
贝基·奎克是的。
BECKY QUICKRight.
沃伦·巴菲特这就是组织。我的意思是,你得把你的票动员出来。很多人嘴上说选举日会去投票,但尤其像民主党这样,历来基本盘投票率都不如共和党,提前投票对民主党来说就是一个巨大优势。到了选举日,民主党不可能像共和党传统上那样,把同样比例的基本盘拉出来。所以就看谁的地面行动更胜一筹了。
WARREN BUFFETTThat's organization. I mean, you want to get out your vote. You know, a lot of people say they'll show up on Election Day and particularly when you've got a history, as the Democrats do, of turning out less of their base than the Republicans, so early voting is a huge advantage to Democrats. They are not going to get the same percentage of their base out on Election Day as Republicans traditionally. So we'll see who has the better ground game.
贝基·奎克无论谁赢得大选,我们都将面对一位不同的财政部长。
BECKY QUICKNo matter who wins the election, we are going to be looking at different Treasury secretary.
沃伦·巴菲特没错。
WARREN BUFFETTRight.
贝基·奎克蒂姆·盖特纳已经相当明确地表示他想离开。你认识很多金融界人士,也认识很多人。你有没有想过,谁当财政部长会是个好人选?
BECKY QUICKTim Geithner has made it pretty clear that he wants to go. You know a lot of people in finance, you know a lot of people. Have you thought about who might make a good pick for Treasury secretary?
沃伦·巴菲特对,我想过。我肯定不会接到——不会接到罗姆尼州长的电话来征求我的意见,但我心里大致有数。不过我先把这个放一放——我们先看奥巴马能不能当选,然后再看他会不会打给我。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, I do. And I won't get a call from —I won't get a call from Governor Romney asking me my opinion, but I think I've got a pretty good idea. But I'll save that —we'll wait to see whether Obama's elected and then we'll wait to see if he calls.
贝基·奎克是已经传出来的名字吗——我是说,厄斯金·鲍尔斯被提到的频率相当高。
BECKY QUICKIs it a name that's been out —I mean, Erskine Bowles has been mentioned pretty frequently.
沃伦·巴菲特厄斯金·鲍尔斯会是个非常出色的人选。他——他聪明,又有爱国心。完全可以肯定,他会为这个国家尽最大的努力。我绝不是说这就是我心里那个名字,但我——我会说——厄斯金·鲍尔斯是个很好——极好的人。他和艾伦·辛普森能让那 11 个人签字,这——这太了不起了。那需要实实在在的谈判能力。那需要——需要幽默感,还需要一个体面的人,才能把大家凝聚到这种程度。所以我非常——非常钦佩厄斯金。
WARREN BUFFETTErskine Bowles would be a terrific guy. I mean, he is —he's smart, he's patriotic. You know, he would absolutely do the best job for the country. I'm not saying that's the name at all, but I —but I would —Erskine Bowles is a fine —a very fine human being and what he and Alan Simpson accomplished in getting those 11 to sign on, that is —that's huge. That takes real negotiating ability. That takes —it takes humor, it takes a decent human being to get people to come together like that. So I admire —I admire Erskine a lot.
贝基·奎克好了。各位,我把画面交还给你们,因为我知道我们得再插播一段广告。
BECKY QUICKOK. Guys, I will send it back to you because I know we have to slip in another break.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金好的。后面当然还有更多沃伦·巴菲特的精彩内容。千万别错过周五的《财经谈盒》。我们将拿到第三季度 GDP 数据,美国东部时间上午 8:30 出炉。数据发布前还有极其重磅的嘉宾阵容。前财政部长拉里·萨默斯将加入我们一小时。我们还会采访贝莱德的拉里·芬克。他们将就市场、经济以及步步紧逼的财政悬崖给出自己的判断。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINOK. We're, of course, going to have much more from Warren Buffett still ahead. And don't miss "Squawk Box" on Friday. We're going to be getting third quarter GDP numbers. That's coming up 8:30 AM Eastern. We've also got a huge lineup leading up to that data. Former Treasury Secretary Larry Summers is going to join us for an hour. We're also going to talk to BlackRock's Larry Fink. They're going to weigh in on the markets, the economy, and the looming fiscal cliff.
播音员欢迎回到伯克希尔·哈撒韦董事长兼首席执行官沃伦·巴菲特的独家一对一专访。现在把时间交给贝基·奎克。
ANNOUNCERWelcome back to this special one-on-one interview with Warren Buffett, Chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway. Here now, Becky Quick.
贝基·奎克要我说,这更像是三对一的专访。不过我们还是先回到今天上午的新闻人物沃伦·巴菲特,他非常友善地陪我们聊了大概一个小时四十五分钟。沃伦,我们一直在关注欧洲,你过去也跟我们聊过欧元区危机以及你看到的演变。你刚才已经提到一点欧洲银行的情况,认为它们和美国银行处境大不相同。但上周,弗朗索瓦·奥朗德表示欧元区正顺利走出这场危机,确实正在翻过这一页。你得到的是这种印象吗?
BECKY QUICKI'd say it's more of a three-on-one interview, but let's get back to our newsmaker of the morning, Warren Buffett, who's been kind enough to be with us for the past, oh, hour and 45 minutes or so. You know, Warren, we look at Europe all the time and you've talked to us in the past about the euro zone crisis and what you see happening. You already talked a little bit about the European banks that you think that they're in a very different position than the American banks. But last week, François Hollande suggested that the euro zone is well on its way past this crisis, is really moving out the other side of things. Is that the impression that you get?
沃伦·巴菲特不,我不会这么说。我是说,我不——我不知道事态会如何演变,但我肯定不觉得已经明显走上了复苏之路。他们确实存在严重的银行问题。在某种程度上,他们鼓励银行大量持有主权债务,结果就变成了主权国家依赖银行,银行又依赖主权国家。你知道,这会出问题。而且,一边搞紧缩,一边又要让 GDP 增长,会极其困难。我——这不是一个容易解开的结。欧洲不会消失。五年或十年后,我们在那里还会有大量生意可做。但我认为,在一段时间里,那里的日子可能会相当难熬。
WARREN BUFFETTNo, I wouldn't say so. I mean, I don't —I don't know how it plays out, but I certainly don't feel that it's clear that it's on the road to recovery. I mean, they have a real banking problem. I mean, they, to some extent, encourage their banks to load up with sovereign debt so you have the sovereigns counting on the banks and the banks counting on the sovereigns. And you know, that creates a problem. And then it's going to be a very tough thing to have austerity and at the same time grow GDP. I —it's not an easy solution. Europe isn't going to go away. I mean, we'll be doing lots of business there five or 10 years from now, but I think it could be pretty rough there for a while.
贝基·奎克这能作为从该地区收缩的有力论据吗?还是你觉得,现在恰是企业应该再投资的时机?
BECKY QUICKIs that a good argument for pulling back from the area? Or is this a time you think businesses should be reinvesting?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,它们要么必须更紧密地走到一起,要么——我是说,它们总会朝某个方向走。但那种让货币联盟脱离财政纪律约束的想法,尽管它们最初声称是有纪律的,行不通。它们必须更紧密地联合,否则就不可持续。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, they either have to come closer together or —I mean, they're going to go in one direction or the other, but the idea of having a monetary union independent of, really, discipline on the fiscal side, although they said they had it originally, they've got to come closer together or it won't be sustainable.
贝基·奎克尽管欧洲央行已采取一些重大举措,试图安抚市场。
BECKY QUICKAlthough the ECB has made some major moves to try and reassure the markets.
沃伦·巴菲特是的。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah.
贝基·奎克这确实给了他们更多时间。
BECKY QUICKAnd that certainly has given them quite a bit more time.
沃伦·巴菲特是啊。嗯,你知道,央行可以印钱。它们——这确实是个好使的机器。在经济学里,就跟生活中一样,一般来说,你永远不可能只干一件事。我是说,你说你要做任何事,都会带来后果。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah. Well, it —you know, central banks can print money. They —it's a wonderful machine to have. Every —in economics, just like in life, generally, you never can do just one thing. I mean, anything you say you're going to do, it's going to have consequences.
贝基·奎克嗯哼。
BECKY QUICKMm-hmm.
沃伦·巴菲特而且有时候这些后果会延迟显现。印钞当然会有后果。你也可以说不印钞对美国也会产生后果,但我们还没看到——欧洲那边的大戏还没落幕。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd sometimes those consequences are delayed. Certainly printing money has consequences. And you can say not printing money would have consequences to the United States, too, but we haven't seen —the movie's not over in Europe.
贝基·奎克乔,你也有问题要问吗?
BECKY QUICKJoe, you have a question, too?
乔·科南沃伦,你——你还认为独栋住宅是眼下最好的投资之一吗?你有没有真的想办法去投资它?你说过想买 10 万套——能买多少买多少,但根本管不过来,实际上行不通。你想出办法了吗……
JOE KERNENWarren, do you —do you still think a single family home is one of the best investments around? And have you actually tried to figure out a way to invest in that? You'd like to buy 100,000 —you've said that you'd like to buy as many as you could, but they're impossible to manage and you can't really do it. Have you figured...
沃伦·巴菲特是的。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah.
乔·科南你有没有试着想个办法来实现它?
JOE KERNENHave you tried to figure out a way to do it?
沃伦·巴菲特对。我发表那个说法之后,不少人给我提过各种建议。但说实话,这件事根本不可行,起码跟我们拿钱能做的其他事比起来是这样。问题太大了——用这种小单元去处理,加上管理问题和人的问题,根本解决不了。所以我觉得,任何人只要知道自己将来想住在哪儿,收入也还算稳定,现在不趁这个利率买一套独栋住宅、办一笔 30 年期按揭贷款,那就犯了一个天大的错误。这是个——这是个——确实是个黄金机会。六个月前更好一点,但现在依然很棒。五年后你绝对见不到这样的机会,我跟你打包票。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah. And I've had a lot of suggestions from people after I made that statement. But it's not really feasible, certainly, compared to other things we can do with money. They're —it's just too big a problem to deal with small units like that and management problems and human problems. So I think that anybody that knows where they're going to want to live, has a reasonably assured income. I think they're making a terrible mistake if they don't buy a single family home now and get a mortgage at these rates. And they should get a 30-year mortgage. It's a —it's a —really a golden opportunity. It was a little bit better six months ago, but it's still wonderful now. You're not going to see a chance like this five years from now. I'll guarantee you that.
贝基·奎克五年后,局面会截然不同,这一点很有意思。
BECKY QUICKFive years from now it's going to be a different picture, and that's interesting.
沃伦·巴菲特对。利率会更高,各种各样的情况都会出现。我的意思是,现在——现在正是买入的时候。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah. Rates will be higher and all kinds of things. I mean, this is —this is the time to buy.
贝基·奎克而且你认为价格也会回升。
BECKY QUICKAnd you think prices will rebound, too.
沃伦·巴菲特如果你知道自己想去哪里——你得愿意在那里生活,我是说,房子是件了不起的东西。
WARREN BUFFETTIf you know where you want —you've got to want to live there, I mean, and a home's a wonderful thing.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKHm.
沃伦·巴菲特但要是过半年就要搬家,我也不会买一套那样的房子。
WARREN BUFFETTBut I wouldn't buy one if I was going to move in six months or something of the sort.
贝基·奎克嗯。
BECKY QUICKHm.
沃伦·巴菲特如果我对自己的工作特别没底,我也不会买。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd I wouldn't buy one if I was terribly nervous about my job.
贝基·奎克沃伦,你有几次都提到了泰德和托德。
BECKY QUICKWarren, a couple of times you have mentioned Ted and Todd.
沃伦·巴菲特没错。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah.
贝基·奎克特德·韦施勒和托德·库姆斯谈过他们在投资周期里的工作。很多时候,我们从美国证监会(SEC)那里看到的报告,都是关于伯克希尔在投资上做了什么。这里面有多少是您的操作?多少是他们俩的?
BECKY QUICKTed Weschler and Todd Combs talked about what they've been doing as an investment cycle. A lot of times we get these notes from the SEC just about what Berkshire's doing with its investments. How much of that is yours? How much of that is theirs?
沃伦·巴菲特我自己的其实很少。我是说,像富国银行、IBM 或者可口可乐,我管理的组合里有四只股票加起来超过 500 亿美元。另外我还有一堆别的东西。但实际操作是泰德和托德在做。他们正在构建投资组合,一次买入 5 亿美元的东西。他们俩可能比我更容易在证券里来回倒腾——其中一位尤其如此。但有效的风格有很多种。所以我非常满意。他们拿到了大量的或有薪酬,比他们自己开对冲基金要少,而且他们交的税率比开对冲基金更高,尽管他们做的事情跟开对冲基金时一模一样。这真是——看看这两个人,从早到晚做着跟以前完全相同的事,现在却要为此交双倍的税,这简直是对税收制度的控诉。
WARREN BUFFETTVery little of it's mine. I mean, if it's Wells Fargo or IBM or Coca-Cola, I mean, I've got four stocks that aggregate over 50 billion that I manage. And then I've got a bunch of other things, too. But the action is with Ted and Todd. And they're building up portfolios, and they will buy $500 million at a time of something. And they're probably more prone —one of the two is more prone to move around in securities than I would be. But there's a lot of styles that work. So I am enormously pleased. They're getting lots of contingent compensation, less than they would if they were running a hedge fund, and they're paying a higher tax rate than if they were running a hedge fund, even though they're doing exactly what they would be doing if they ran a hedge fund. It's a real —it's a real indictment of the tax system when you look at two guys who've just moved to doing the same exact thing from morning the night they did before and now they pay double the tax rate for it.
贝基·奎克嗯哼。
BECKY QUICKUh-huh.
沃伦·巴菲特不止两倍。
WARREN BUFFETTMore than double.
贝基·奎克哇。说得好。安德鲁……
BECKY QUICKWow. That's a good point. Andrew ...
安德鲁·罗斯·索金嘿,沃伦,我想聊聊我最喜欢的话题——报纸。今年早些时候你收购了《奥马哈世界先驱报》。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINHey, Warren, I wanted to get an update on my favorite subject, newspapers. You bought the Omaha World-Herald earlier this year.
沃伦·巴菲特没错。
WARREN BUFFETTRight.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金你现在已经有了一点时间来深入研究。你怎么看?
ANDREW ROSS SORKINYou now had a little bit of time to get —to get under the hood. What do you think?
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我将在年报里用很大篇幅讲报纸,而且我已经给我们的所有报纸出版商写了一封信。如果你有一份报纸,对社区里相当大比例的人来说不可或缺,我认为长期来看你会做得相当不错。我们仍然以非常非常低的市盈率买入它们。报纸行业的趋势是向下的。但你必须专注于读者感兴趣的核心内容。如果他们在内布拉斯加州的格兰德艾兰,我们有产品在那里,那就必须跟格兰德艾兰人关心的事情相关。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, I'll have a big section in the annual report about newspapers, and I did write a letter to all our newspaper publishers. If you find —if you have a newspaper that's indispensable to a significant percentage of its community, I think you're going to do reasonably well over time. We still pay very, very low multiples for them. The trend of the newspaper industry is down. But you have to be primary about things that are of interest to your readers. And if they're —you know, if you're in Grand Island, Nebraska, where we have a product, we've got to be relevant to what people in Grand Island are interested in.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金对。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINRight.
沃伦·巴菲特而当你进入更大的都市报纸市场时,这是个更难的问题。
WARREN BUFFETTAnd that's a much tougher problem as you get into bigger, metropolitan papers.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金但实际效果是比……
ANDREW ROSS SORKINBut it's working better...
贝基·奎克你知道,这周……
BECKY QUICKYou know, this week...
安德鲁·罗斯·索金比你预期的好还是差?我这么问是因为,你知道,《新闻周刊》最近刚宣布要停止印刷。我知道社区报纸是另一回事,但很多人总有疑问。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINBetter or worse than you expected? I only say it because, you know, Newsweek just said they were going to stop printing recently. I know community newspapers are a different situation, but a lot of people always have questions.
沃伦·巴菲特对。我们的小型报纸——我指的是居民两万、两万五千人的城镇——那些全年运营的小型报纸,今年的收入下降约 1%。我们的大型报纸,比如布法罗、奥马哈,现在还有里士满,这些规模更大的社区,其报纸收入平均降幅更接近 4% 或 5%。所以确实存在差别,这取决于报纸与社区中相当大一部分群体的紧密关联程度。社区越大,越难有社区归属感。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah. Our small newspapers —and by that I mean towns of 20,000, 25,000 —our small newspapers this year that have operated throughout the entire year for us, the revenues are down about 1 percent. Our larger newspapers like Buffalo and Omaha and now Richmond, those papers, which are larger communities, their revenues, on average, would be down more like 4 or 5 percent. So there's a real difference based on the —on the relevance of the paper to a very wide —very significant portion of the community. The bigger the community, the harder it is to have a community feeling.
贝基·奎克沃伦,快速问一下,这周早些时候,格雷格·史密斯那本关于高盛的书出版了,就是那个在《纽约时报》发表专栏文章说“这就是我离开高盛的原因”的人。你看过他做的任何采访吗?你看了那本书吗?你……
BECKY QUICKYou know, Warren, very quickly, earlier this week was the release of Greg Smith's book about Goldman Sachs, the guy who wrote that op-ed piece in The New York Times saying, `This is why I left Goldman Sachs.' Did you see any of the interviews that he has done? Did you take a look at any of the book. What do you...
沃伦·巴菲特我没看那本书。我看过一个采访,但我认为,一个 33 岁、一年赚 50 万美元的人,因为没赚到 100 万而不开心——他要是不干投行,干别的,大概一年只能赚 7.5 万美元——我觉得这事——一个心怀不满的员工离开一家拥有 3 万名员工的公司,就值得上一篇除了“巴菲特”这个词以外毫无具体细节的专栏文章,所以我认为——我不觉得这反映了多好的编辑判断力。
WARREN BUFFETTI haven't read the book. I saw an interview, but I think the idea of a guy 33, who was making $500,000 a year and is unhappy because he isn't making a million and probably in any other occupation but investment banking would be making $75,000 a year, I thought it was —I thought —the idea that one disgruntled employee leaving a company with 30,000 employees warrants an op-ed with no specifics really in it except the word Buffett, so I think I —I did not think that reflected great editorial judgment.
贝基·奎克好。我提起这个是因为劳埃德·布兰克费恩今天上午晚些时候会来上节目。沃伦,很明显,我们已经聊了很多,非常感谢你花这么多时间与我们交谈。稍后回来,我们会把最后一句话的时间留给巴菲特先生。另外,正如我们之前提到的,在接下来的《华尔街直播室》节目中,将有 CNBC 对高盛董事长兼首席执行官劳埃德·布兰克费恩的独家专访。请记得收看,东部时间 11 点播出。
BECKY QUICKOK. I bring this up because Lloyd Blankfein's going to be on a little later in the morning. Warren, obviously, we've covered a lot of ground, and we appreciate you for spending so much time with us and talking so much. When we come back, we still have the last word that we'll be giving to Mr. Buffett. And as we mentioned, coming up on "Squawk on the Street," there is a CNBC exclusive interview today with Goldman Sachs Chairman and CEO Lloyd Blankfein. Make sure you tune in for that. That's coming up at 11 Eastern.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金让我们切回贝基和沃伦·巴菲特那里,听他说最后一句话。贝基……
ANDREW ROSS SORKINLet's get back to Becky and Warren Buffett for the last word. Becky...
贝基·奎克安德鲁,谢谢。沃伦,最后一句话,算是我们最近在玩的一个自由联想小游戏。我说一个词,你告诉我你想到什么。关于你上节目,人们问得最多的问题是:现在应该买什么?所以如果我说“买”,你说……
BECKY QUICKAndrew, thank you. Last word, Warren, is a sort of free word association game that we've been playing lately. I say a word, you tell me what it makes me think of. And the question we get most frequently from people about you coming on is what should they be buying right now? So if I say buy, you say...
沃伦·巴菲特我会说——我会说“拿着”——基本是拿着。我的意思是,欧洲的消息、这样那样的经济放缓、或者诸如此类的事情,不会让你卖掉一个由好佃农耕种的好农场——你不会因为有人说“这有条新闻,希腊发生了什么事”之类的就卖掉它。如果你拥有一栋地段好、还能稍微涨点租金、又有好经理管的公寓楼,你压根不会想卖掉它。如果你自己有一门好生意,比如当地麦当劳的特许经营权,你也不会每天琢磨着把它买进卖出。而当你持有股票时,你持有的是生意的一部分,而且是极好的生意。你可以挑选全世界最好的生意,只因当下新闻就买进卖出,这简直是疯了。你置身于极好的生意之中,有人替你打理,你知道未来五年或十年会做得很好,却认为新闻事件应当促使你在这么美妙的游戏里进进出出、反复折腾——这是个巨大的错误。所以,买入一堆好生意,然后守住它们。
WARREN BUFFETTI say —I say hold —basically hold. I mean, the idea that the European news or slowdown in this or that or anything like that, that would not cause you to own a good farm and had a run by a good tenant, you wouldn't —you wouldn't sell it because somebody said here's a news item, you know, this is happening in Greece or something of the sort. If you owned an apartment house and you got to raise your rents a little, it's well located and you have a good manager, you wouldn't dream of selling it. If you had a good business personally, the local McDonald's franchise, you know, you wouldn't —you wouldn't be thinking about buying or selling it every day. Now, when you own stocks, you own pieces of businesses, and they're wonderful businesses. So you can pick the best businesses in the world, and to buy or sell on current news is just crazy. You're in a wonderful business, you've got people running it for you. You know you're going to do well over five or 10 years, and to think news events should cause you to try and dance in and out of something that's a wonderful game is a terrible mistake. So get into a bunch of wonderful businesses and stay with them.
贝基·奎克可你说的是“拿着”——我说“买”,你改成了“拿着”。这是意味着不要卖,还是说……
BECKY QUICKBut you said hold —I said buy and you changed it to hold. Does that mean don't sell or does that mean...
沃伦·巴菲特嗯,我的意思是,如果你还没——还没买,你就随着时间推移持续买入。这样相当于分批买入、摊平成本。我这辈子一直在买。我 11 岁买了人生第一只股票,那大约是珍珠港事件三个月后,当时科雷吉多尔岛正在陷落,巴丹死亡行军正在进行,所有消息都糟透了。那正是买股票的好时机。我当时就该永远持有那只股票,而从那以后我也一直在买股票。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, I mean, if you haven't —if you haven't got them yet, you buy them consistently over time. So you sort of average over time. And I've been buying all my life. I bought my first stock, you know, when I was 11 years old and it was about three months after Pearl Harbor and Corregidor was falling and they had the Death March at Bataan, and all the news was terrible. It was a great time to buy stocks. And I should've held that stock forever, and I've been buying stocks ever since.
贝基·奎克好了。各位,你们还有最后要快速补充的吗?
BECKY QUICKAll right. Guys, do you have any last quick thoughts?
乔·科南嗯,嘿——我有。沃伦,你——你见过(Facebook 首席执行官)扎克伯格吗?如果你跟他坐下来,他有没有办法把这门生意解释得足够清楚,让你愿意大笔买入 Facebook 的股份?
JOE KERNENSo, hey —I do. Warren, you —have you met (Facebook CEO Jeff) Zuckerberg? And if you sat down with him and he told you, is there any way that he could explain the business well enough to you to where you'd take a huge stake in Facebook?
沃伦·巴菲特多半不会。这并不代表我对此持负面看法,我只是对它理解得还不够透彻,而且我甚至都不玩 Facebook。
WARREN BUFFETTProbably not. That doesn't mean that I'm negative about it, I just don't understand it well enough, and I'm actually not even a member.
乔·科南嗯。
JOE KERNENYeah.
沃伦·巴菲特外面可是有十亿用户呢。
WARREN BUFFETTThere's a billion of them out there.
乔·科南有……
JOE KERNENThere's...
沃伦·巴菲特所以我……我喜欢买那些我觉得自己能对业务五年或十年后的情况有合理判断的东西——就像……十年后——就像我会买一栋公寓楼或一个农场,心里想的是五年或十年后拥有它会是一件好事。而你……
WARREN BUFFETTSo I have —I like to buy things where I feel I've got a reasonable idea about how a business is going to be doing five or 10 years ago —just like —10 years from now —just like I would buy an apartment house or a farm with the idea that I would think it was going to be a good thing to own five or 10 years later. And you...
乔·科南嗯,明天有个分水岭事件,可能会改变你的看法,沃伦,你也可以随时把问题发给我。但这会改变 Face……
JOE KERNENWell, there is —there is a watershed event tomorrow that might change your view, and you are free to send me questions as well, if you'd like, Warren. But this is —this is a game-changer for Face...
安德鲁·罗斯·索金科南要上 Facebook 了,所以。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINKernen's going to be on Facebook, so.
沃伦·巴菲特好吧,实际上,乔,我想换个方式,你知道,你一直想要一架奈特杰的股份。我这里有一条奈特杰的领带,与其给你八分之一,不如我把这个——上面印了几十架飞机——我把它交给贝基,让她带回去给你。
WARREN BUFFETTWell, actually, Joe, I thought instead, you know, you've always wanted a share of NetJets. I've got a NetJets tie here, and instead of giving you an eighth, I'm going to take this —there's dozens of planes on this, and I'm going to give this to Becky to take back to you.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金哇。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINWow.
沃伦·巴菲特你现在是奈特杰的大——我是说……
WARREN BUFFETTYou are now a major Net —I mean...
贝基·奎克给你,乔。
BECKY QUICKHere we go, Joe.
沃伦·巴菲特对,没错。
WARREN BUFFETTYeah, exactly.
乔·科南一条领带。
JOE KERNENA tie.
贝基·奎克拿着。
BECKY QUICKHere we are.
沃伦·巴菲特几十架,几十架……
WARREN BUFFETTDozens, dozens...
乔·科南几千架飞机,我得到一条领带。好吧。
JOE KERNENThousands of jets, and I'm getting a tie. All right.
沃伦·巴菲特上面有几十架飞机。几十架。
WARREN BUFFETTDozens of planes. Dozens of planes on it.
乔·科南好吧。不错,沃伦。
JOE KERNENAll right. Nice, Warren.
沃伦·巴菲特好的。
WARREN BUFFETTOK.
贝基·奎克好,非常感谢你今天抽时间。
BECKY QUICKWell, thank you very much for your time today.
安德鲁·罗斯·索金谢谢,非常感谢。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINThank you. Thank you, thank you.
贝基·奎克我们很感谢。各位……
BECKY QUICKWe appreciate it. Guys ..
安德鲁·罗斯·索金记得明天继续收看我们的节目。《Squawk on the Street》现在开播。
ANDREW ROSS SORKINMake sure you join us tomorrow. "Squawk on the Street" begins right now.
乔·科南我拿到了一条领带。在 CNBC.com 上持续关注沃伦·巴菲特,并在 X(原 Twitter)上关注 alexcrippen。请将评论发送至 [email protected]。有秘密的新闻线索?我们洗耳恭听。注册即可免费获取新闻通讯,更多 CNBC 内容将直达您的收件箱。获取此信息直达您的收件箱,以及更多关于我们产品和服务的信息。© 2026 Versant Media, LLC. 保留所有权利。Versant Media 旗下公司。数据为实时快照 *数据至少延迟 15 分钟。全球商业和金融新闻、股票报价、市场数据与分析。数据亦由……
JOE KERNENI get a tie. Keep up with Warren Buffett on CNBC.com and follow alexcrippen on Twitter. Email comments to [email protected] Got a confidential news tip? We want to hear from you. Sign up for free newsletters and get more CNBC delivered to your inbox Get this delivered to your inbox, and more info about our products and services. © 2026 Versant Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved. A Versant Media Company. Data is a real-time snapshot *Data is delayed at least 15 minutes.
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