《每日邮报》|政客们为何不明白,房价需要下跌
世界正深陷一场重大的金融和经济危机。眼下正值英国政党会议季,诸位或许天真地指望能从主要政治人物的言论中窥见他们如何应对英国问题的思路。
The world is in the grip of a major financial and economic crisis. We are in the midst of the UK party conference season, and I suppose you might naively have hoped for some insight into our leading politicians’ thinking about how to address the UK’s problems.
然而,我们听到的却是一连串基于经济学谬见和阶级斗争思维的半生不熟的主张。
Instead we have had a litany of half-baked ideas based upon misconceptions about economics and class warfare.
有两个提议足以说明问题。自由民主党领袖尼克·克莱格,除了提出所谓的“豪宅税”(诸位中许多人或许会疑惑,自己为何要缴这笔税,毕竟你们几乎肯定不住在豪宅里),还冒出个主意,说我们应该允许父母和祖父母动用养老金权益中的一部分一次性款项,用来支付子女购房的首付。
Two ideas put forward illustrate this point. Lib Dem leader Nick Clegg, apart from proposing a so-called ‘mansion tax’ (many of you may wonder why you would be paying this as you almost certainly don’t live in a mansion) came up with the idea that we should allow parents and grandparents to use part of their lump sum from pension entitlements to pay the deposit on their children’s property purchases.
既然你已经可以把从养老金里取出的免税一次性款项赠予任何人,我想他真正的想法是允许养老金储蓄者将养老金基金中的一部分资产借给后代作为抵押贷款,或者投资于他们房产的一部分权益。
Since you can already give the cash you can take out of your pension as a tax-free lump sum to whom so ever you choose, I take it his actual idea is to allow pension savers to lend some portion of the assets in their pension fund to their offspring as a mortgage, or invest in a portion of the equity in their property.
英国多数未受益于纳税人资助的公共部门养老金的人,其养老金储备本就不足,鼓励他们动用其中一部分去帮子女在这些几乎肯定仍定价过高的房产上占个份额,简直是危险至极。
Most in the UK who are not beneficiaries of the public sector pensions funded by the taxpayer have inadequate pension provision and encouraging them to use part of it to give their children a stake in what are almost certainly still overpriced houses is downright dangerous.
这种对房地产市场的错位执念,在影子财政大臣埃德·鲍尔斯的提议中也显露无遗。
This misplaced obsession with the housing market was also evident in the proposals put forward by shadow chancellor Ed Balls.
他说工党将推出一个建造 10 万套住房的计划,用 4G 牌照拍卖的收益来资助该计划。
He said Labour would introduce a programme to build 100,000 houses using the proceeds of the 4G licence auction to fund to the programme.
与此同时,他谈到恢复对 25 万英镑以下房产交易的印花税减免政策,这是阿拉斯泰尔·达林在 2010 年曾推出两年的措施。
At the same time he talked about reintroducing the Stamp Duty holiday for property purchases under £250,000 that Alastair Darling introduced for two years in 2010.
这显然意在鼓励更多人买房。这又如何让房价更可负担?这两项政策方向相左,不过我也实在不愿指责鲍尔斯懂什么经济。
This is surely intended to encourage more people to buy houses. How will that make them more affordable? These two policies point in opposite directions, but then I would hardly accuse Balls of economic competence.
各派政治人物都需要在住房问题上吸取一个简单教训:要让房价更可负担,价格就得下跌。
Politicians of all persuasions need to learn one simple lesson on housing: in order to make it more affordable, prices have to fall.
英国住宅房产的价值仍远高于任何长期衡量收入的比值,这正是年轻人及首次购房者买不起房的根本原因。
UK residential property is still valued way above any long-term measure of value to incomes, which is exactly why young people and first-time buyers cannot afford it.
如果他们不断推出购房激励措施,并设法把养老金引向房产,房价就不会跌到可负担的水平。
Property will not come down in value to an affordable level if they keep introducing incentives to purchase it and ways to divert our pensions into it.
在其他方面,鲍尔斯本周的表现比克莱格糟糕得多。他对政府经济政绩的批评,完全无视上届工党政府的失策管理——他正是那届政府的重要成员,也是戈登·布朗的主要支持者。
In other respects Balls’ performance this week was much worse than Clegg’s. His criticism of the Government’s record on the economy ignores the mis-management of the last Labour government, of which he was a leading member and the leading supporter of Gordon Brown.
他不断试图把工党遗留的债务和赤字归咎于金融危机。
He continually tries to lay the blame for the debt and deficit that Labour left as a legacy on the financial crisis.
对鲍尔斯以及那届政府的任何成员来说,关键问题是:为什么在经济繁荣期、即危机爆发前的五年(2002 年至 2007 年)里,你们的花费超过了收入,却让国家以最糟糕的状态去应对危机?
The key question for Balls and any other member of that government is: Why did you spend more than revenues during an economic boom for five years before the crisis (from 2002-07) and leave the country in the worst possible condition for dealing with the crisis?
至于他应对赤字的提议,他说工党将进行一次公共支出审查。
As for his proposals for dealing with the deficit, he says that Labour would undertake a public spending review.
他甚至无法鼓起勇气说出那句必要的话:公共支出将被削减。
He still can’t bring himself even to say the necessary words: that public spending would be cut.
鲍尔斯不是那种可以托付公共财政的人。
Balls is not a man who could be trusted with the public finances.
Terry Smith
Terry Smith